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Room temperature stable organopolysiloxane compositions |
| RE32504 |
Room temperature stable organopolysiloxane compositions
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| Patent Drawings: | |
| Inventor: |
Michel, et al. |
| Date Issued: |
September 15, 1987 |
| Application: |
06/868,990 |
| Filed: |
May 30, 1986 |
| Inventors: |
Michel; Ulrich (Burghausen, DE)
Radecker; Josef (Emmerting, DE)
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| Assignee: |
Wacker-Chemie GmbH (Munich, DE) |
| Primary Examiner: |
Marquis; Melvyn I. |
| Assistant Examiner: |
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| Attorney Or Agent: |
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| U.S. Class: |
524/478; 524/717; 524/719; 524/753; 524/773; 524/774; 524/862; 528/15; 528/31; 528/32 |
| Field Of Search: |
528/15; 528/31; 528/32; 524/717; 524/719; 524/753; 524/773; 524/774; 524/862; 524/478 |
| International Class: |
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| U.S Patent Documents: |
4163081; 4256870; 4448815; 4504645; 4530989; 4533575 |
| Foreign Patent Documents: |
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| Other References: |
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| Abstract: |
Room temperature stable organopolysiloxane compositions containing organosilicon compounds having Si-bonded hydrogen atoms and aliphatic multiple bonds, a platinum catalyst which promotes the addition of Si-bonded hydrogen atoms to the aliphatic multiple bonds and an inhibitor which prevents premature crosslinking at room temperature selected from the group consisting of a maleinimide and a maleic acid derivative of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is a hydroxyl group or a trimethylsiloxy group and R.sup.2 is a monovalent hydrocarbonoxy radical having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms per radical, which is bonded to the carbon atom of the ##STR2## group or a monovalent hydrocarbonoxy radical having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms per radical, which is bonded to the carbon atom of the ##STR3## group and which is substituted with at least one triorganosilyl group. |
| Claim: |
What is claimed is:
1. A crosslinkable organopolysiloxane composition comprising an organosilicon compound having Si-bonded hydrogen atoms, in organosilicon compound having aliphatic multiplebonds, a platinum catalyst capable of promoting the addition of the Si-bonded hydrogen atoms to the aliphatic multiple bonds and an inhibitor which delays or prevents crosslinking at room temperature which is selected from the group consisting ofmaleinimide and a maleic acid derivative selected from the group consisting of ##STR27## and R.sup.6 (SiR.sub.2.sup.7 O).sub.x (SiR.sup.7 R.sup.6 O).sub.y SiR.sub.2.sup.7 R.sub.6, where R.sup.1 is .[.selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl groupand.]. a trimethylsiloxy group, R.sup.2 is a radical selected from the group consisting of a hydrocarbonoxy radical which is bonded to the carbon atom of the ##STR28## group and a hydrocarbonoxy radical which is bonded to the carbon atom of the##STR29## group and is substituted with at least one triorganosilyl group, at least one R.sup.6 is a radical of the formula ##STR30## and the other R.sup.6 radicals are selected from the group consisting of the formula
and R.sup.7, where R.sup.1 is the same as above, R.sup.4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and an alkyl radical having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms per radical, R.sup.7 is selected from the group consisting of phenyl and alkylradicals having 2 or 3 carbon atoms per radical and halogenated phenyl and alkyl radicals having 2 or 3 carbon atoms per radical, n is an integer having a value of from 3 to 19, x is 0 or an integer having a value of from 1 to 200 and y is an integerhaving a value of from 1 to 10.
2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the maleic acid derivative has the formula ##STR31## where R.sup.1 is .[.selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group and.]. a trimethylsiloxy group and R.sup.2 is a hydrocarbonoxy radical whichis bonded to the carbon atom of the ##STR32## group.
3. The composition of claim 1, wherein R.sup.1 is .[.selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group and.]. a trimethylsiloxy group and R.sup.2 represents a hydrocarbonoxy radical which is substituted with a triorganosilyl group.
4. The composition of claim 1, wherein R.sup.2 is a radical of the formula,
--O(CR.sub.2.sup.4).sub.n SiR.sub.3.sup.5,
where R.sup.4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and an alkyl radical having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms per radical, R.sup.5 is an alkyl radical having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms per radical, and n is an integer having a value of from3 to 19.
5. The composition of claim 1, wherein the maleic acid derivative has the formula
and at least one of the R.sup.6 radicals has the formula ##STR33## where R.sup.1 is .[.selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group and.]. a trimethylsiloxy group, and the other R.sup.6 radicals are selected from the group consistingof a radical of the formula
and R.sup.7, where R.sup.7 is selected from the group consisting of phenyl and alkyl radicals having 2 or 3 carbon atoms per radical and halogenated phenyl and alkyl radicals having 2 or 3 carbon atoms per radical, R.sup.4 is selected from thegroup consisting of hydrogen and an alkyl radical having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms per radical, n is an integer having a value of from 3 to 19, x represents 0 or an integer having a value of from 1 to 200 and y is an integer having a value of from 1 to10.
6. The composition of claim 1, wherein the maleic acid derivative is present in an amount of from 0.001 to 1 percent by weight, based on the total weight of the organosilicon compounds.
7. A method for inhibiting premature crosslinking of organopolysiloxane compositions at room temperature, which comprises mixing an organosilicon compound having Si-bonded hydrogen atoms with an organosilicon compound containing aliphaticmultiple bonds, a platinum catalyst capable of promoting the addition of the Si-bonded hydrogen to the aliphatic multiple bonds and an inhibitor selected from the group consisting of maleinimide and a maleic acid derivative selected from the groupconsisting of ##STR34## and R.sup.6 (SiR.sub.2.sup.7 O).sub.x (SiR.sup.7 R.sup.6 O).sub.y SiR.sub.2.sup.7 R.sup.6, where R.sup.1 is .[.selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group and.]. a trimethylsiloxy group, R.sup.2 is a radical selectedfrom the group consisting of a hydrocarbonoxy radical which is bonded to the carbon atom of the ##STR35## group and a hydrocarbonoxy radical which is bonded to the carbon atom of the ##STR36## group and is substituted with at least one triorganosilylgroup, at least one R.sup.6 is a radical of the formula ##STR37## and the other R.sup.6 radicals are selected from the group consisting of a radical of the formula
and R.sup.7, where R.sup.1 is the same as above, R.sup.4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and an alkyl radical having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms per radical, R.sub.7 is selected from the group consisting of phenyl and alkylradicals having 2 or 3 carbon atoms per radical and halogenated phenyl and alkyl radicals having 2 or 3 carbon atoms per radical, n is an integer having a value of from 3 to 19, x is 0 or an integer having a value of from 1 to 200 and y is an integerhaving a value of from 1 to 10.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the composition is crosslinked by heating to a temperature of from 60.degree. to 180.degree. C. .Iadd.
9. A crosslinkable organopolysiloxane composition comprising an organosilicon compound having Si-bonded hydrogen atoms, an organosilicon compound having aliphatic multiple bonds, a platinum catalyst capable of promoting the addition of theSi-bonded hydrogen atoms to the aliphatic multiple bonds and an inhibitor which delays or prevents crosslinking at room temperature, which is selected from the group consisting of maleinimide and a maleic acid derivative selected from the groupconsisting of ##STR38## and R.sup.6 (SiR.sub.2.sup.7 O).sub.x (SiR.sup.7 R.sup.6 O).sub.y SiR.sub.2.sup.7 R.sub.6, where R.sup.1 is a hydroxyl group, R.sup.2 is a hydrocarbonoxy radical which is bonded to the carbon atom of the ##STR39## group and issubstituted with at least one triorganosilyl group, at least one R.sup.6 is a radical of the formula ##STR40## and the other R.sup.6 radicals are selected from the group consisting of the formula
and R.sup.7, where R.sup.1 is the same as above, R.sup.4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and an alkyl radical having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms per radical, R.sup.7 is selected from the group consisting of phenyl and alkylradicals having 2 or 3 carbon atoms per radical and halogenated phenyl and alkyl radicals having 2 or 3 carbon atoms per radical, n is an integer having a value of from 3 to 19, x represents 0 or an integer having a value of from 1 to 200 and y is aninteger having a value of from 1 to 10. .Iaddend. .Iadd.
10. The composition of claim 9, wherein R.sup.2 is a radical of the formula
where R.sup.4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and an alkyl radical having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms per radical, R.sup.5 is an alkyl radical having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms per radical, and n is an integer having a value of from3 to 19. .Iaddend. .Iadd.11. The composition of claim 9, wherein the maleic acid derivative has the formula
and at least one of the R.sup.6 radicals has the formula ##STR41## where R.sup.1 is a hydroxyl group and the other R.sup.6 radicals are selected from the group consisting of a radical of the formula
and R.sup.7, where R.sup.7 is selected from the group consisting of phenyl and alkyl radicals having 2 or 3 carbon atoms per radical and halogenated phenyl and alkyl radicals having 2 or 3 carbon atoms per radical, R.sup.4 is selected from thegroup consisting of hydrogen and an alkyl radical having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms per radical, n is an integer having a value of from 3 to 19, x represents 0 or an integer having a value of from 1 to 200 and y is an integer having a value of from 1 to10. .Iaddend.
.Iadd.12. The composition of claim 9, wherein the maleic acid derivative is present in an amount of from 0.001 to 1 percent by weight, based on the total weight of the organosilicon compounds. .Iaddend. .Iadd.13. A method for inhibitingpremature crosslinking of organopolysiloxane compositions at room temperature, which comprises mixing an organosilicon compound having Si-bonded hydrogen atoms with an organosilicon compound containing aliphatic multiple bonds, a platinum catalystcapable of promoting the addition of the Si-bonded hydrogen to the aliphatic multiple bonds and an inhibitor selected from the group consisting of maleinimide and a maleic acid derivative selected from the group consisting of ##STR42## and R.sup.6(SiR.sub.2.sup.7 O).sub.x (SiR.sup.7 R.sup.6 O).sub.y SiR.sub.2.sup.7 R.sup.6, where R.sup.1 is a hydroxyl group, R.sup.2 is a hydrocarbonoxy radical which is bonded to the carbon atom of the ##STR43## group and is substituted with at least onetriorganosilyl group, at least one R.sup.6 is a radical of the formula ##STR44## and the other R.sup.6 radicals are selected from the group consisting of a radical of the formula
and R.sup.7, where R.sup.1 is the same as above, R.sup.4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and an alkyl radical having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms per radical, R.sub.7 is selected from the group consisting of phenyl and alkylradicals having 2 or 3 carbon atoms per radical and halogenated phenyl and alkyl radicals having 2 or 3 carbon atoms per radical, n is an integer having a value of from 3 to 19, x represents 0 or an integer having a value of from 1 to 200 and y is aninteger having a
value of from 1 to 10. .Iaddend. .Iadd.14. The method of claim 13, wherein the composition is crosslinked by heating to a temperature of from 60.degree. to 180.degree. C. .Iaddend. |
| Description: |
The present invention relates to organopolysiloxane compositions, particularly to room temperature stable organopolysiloxane compositions and more particularly to organopolysiloxane compositions containing derivatives of maleic acid to preventpremature crosslinking at room temperature.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Organopolysiloxane compositions containing organopolysiloxanes having Si-bonded hydrogen atoms and vinyl groups which are crosslinked by the addition of Si-bonded hydrogen atoms to vinyl groups with a platinum catalyst and contain an additivewhich delays crosslinking at room temperature, are described in the literature. Organopolysiloxane compositions containing additives such as maleic acid diesters, to inhibit crosslinking at room temperature are described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,256,870 toEckberg.
In contrast to the additive described in the patent, the additives of this invention are less volatile and more effective in preventing crosslinking of organopolysiloxane compositions. In addition, the additives of this invention provide fastercrosslinking of the organopolysiloxane composition once the inhibiting effect is overcome than additives known heretofore for inhibiting or preventing crosslinking of organopolysiloxane compositions.
It is, therefore, an object of the present invention to provide an organopolysiloxane composition which is stable at room temperature. Another object of the present invention is to prevent premature crosslinking of an organopolysiloxanecomposition at room temperature. Another object of the present invention is to provide an additive for an organopolysiloxane composition which inhibits crosslinking at room temperature. Still another object of the present invention is to provide anadditive which is less volatile and more effective in preventing crosslinking of the organopolysiloxane composition. A further object of the present invention is to provide an additive which inhibits crosslinking of an organopolysiloxane, but once theinhibiting effect ceases, accelerates crosslinking of the organopolysiloxane composition.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The foregoing objects and others which will become apparent from the following description are accomplished in accordance with this invention, generally speaking, by providing organopolysiloxane compositions containing organosilicon compoundshaving Si-bonded hydrogen atoms and organosilicon compounds containing aliphatic multiple bonds, a platinum catalyst which promotes the addition of Si-bonded hydrogen on the aliphatic multiple bonds and a compound which inhibits crosslinking at roomtemperature selected from the group consisting of a maleinimide and a maleic acid derivative of the formula ##STR4## wherein R.sup.1 is a hydroxyl group or a trimethylsiloxy group and R.sup.2 is a monovalent hydrocarbonoxy radical having from 1 to 20carbon atoms per radical, which is bonded to the carbon atoms of the ##STR5## group or a monovalent hydrocarbonoxy radical having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms per radical, which is bonded to the carbon atom of the ##STR6## group and which is substitutedwith at least one triorganosilyl group.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The same linear, cyclic or modified organosilicon compounds containing Si-bonded hydrogen atoms, which have been or could have been used heretofore to prepare crosslinkable organopolysiloxane compositions containing Si-bonded hydrogen atoms maybe employed in the compositions of this invention. These organosilicon compounds generally contain organopolysiloxane units of the general formula ##STR7## where R represents hydrogen or the same or different monovalent hydrocarbon radicals andsubstituted monovalent hydrocarbon radicals, where at least 2 and more preferably at least 3 Si-bonded hydrogen atoms are present for each molecule, and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3 and preferably is at least 1, with the added proviso that on the average theseunits generally contain at least as many organic radicals as Si-bonded hydrogen atoms.
Preferably the Si-bonded hydrogen atoms are present in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 15 Si-bonded hydrogen atoms per aliphatic multiple bond.
It is preferred that the organopolysiloxanes containing Si-bonded hydrogen have a viscosity of from 1 to 10.sup.4 mm.sup.2.s.sup.-1 at 25.degree. C., and more preferably from 5 to 5.multidot.10.sup.3 mm.sup.2.s.sup.-1 at 25.degree. C.
The same linear, cyclic or modified organosilicon compounds containing aliphatic multiple bonds which have been or could have been used heretofore in preparing crosslinkable organopolysiloxanes compositions containing Si-bonded hydrogen atoms andaliphatic multiple bonds, e.g., vinyl groups, may be employed in the compositions of this invention.
Such organosilicon compounds are generally organopolysiloxanes having units of the formula ##STR8## where R.sup.3 represents the same or different, monovalent hydrocarbon radicals or substituted monovalent hydrocarbon radicals, where eachmolecule contains at least two R.sup.3 radicals, and preferably no more than 50 percent of the R.sup.3 radicals present are vinyl groups, m' is 0, 1, 2 or 3, with an average of from 0.9 to 2.1.
It is preferred that the organopolysiloxanes containing vinyl groups have a viscosity of from 10 to 10.sup.6 mm.sup.2.s.sup.-1 at 25.degree. C., and more preferably a viscosity of from 50 to 10.sup.5 mm.sup.2.s.sup.-1 at 25.degree. C.
The vinyl groups and the Si-bonded hydrogen atoms may be present in different organosilicon compounds or in the same type of organosilicon compound, i.e., in a variety of molecules or in the same molecule.
It is preferred that the monovalent hydrocarbon radicals represented by R and R.sup.3 contain from 1 to 18 carbon atoms per radical. Examples of such hydrocarbon radicals which are free of aliphatic multiple bonds, are alkyl radicals, such asthe methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl and sec-butyl radical as well as octadecyl radicals, cycloalkyl radicals, such as the cyclohexyl radical and methylcyclohexyl radicals, aryl radicals, such as the phenyl radical; alkaryl radicals, such asthe tolyl radicals and aralkyl radicals, such as the benzyl and the beta-phenylethyl radical. Examples of substituted monovalent hydrocarbon radicals represented by R and R.sup.3 which are free of aliphatic multiple bonds, are halogenated hydrocarbonradicals, such as the 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl radical and o-, p- and m-chlorophenyl radicals, as well as cyanoalkyl radicals, such as the beta-cyanoethyl radical. Because of their availability, it is, however, preferred that at least 60 percent of thenumber of R radicals which do not contain Si-bonded hydrogen and at least 60 percent of the R radicals which are free of aliphatic multiple bonds, be methyl radicals.
The same platinum catalysts which have been or could have been used heretofore to promote the addition of Si-bonded hydrogen to vinyl groups may be employed in the compositions of this invention. Examples of such catalysts are metallic andfinely dispersed platinum which may be present on carriers such as silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide or active carbon, compounds or complexes of platinum such as platinum halides, for example, PtCl.sub.4, H.sub.2 PtCl.sub.6.6H.sub.2 O, Na.sub.2PtCl.sub.4.4H.sub.2 O, platinum-olefin complexes, platinum-alcohol complexes, platinum-alcoholate complexes, platinum-ether complexes, platinum-aldehyde complexes, platinum-ketone complexes, including the reaction products of H.sub.2 PtCl.sub.6.6H.sub.2O and cyclohexanone, platinum-vinylsiloxane complexes, especially platinum-divinyltetramethyldisiloxane complexes with or without a detectable amount of inorganic bonded halogen, bis-(gammapicoline)-platinum dichloride, trimethylenediypridine-platinumdichloride, dicyclopentadiene-platinum dichloride, dimethylsulfoxide-ethyleneplatinum-(II)dichloride, as well as products obtained from the reaction of platinum tetrachloride with olefin and a primary or secondary amine, or primary and secondary amine,such as the reaction product of platinum tetrachloride which has been dissolved in 1-octene, with sec-butylamine.
The platinum catalyst is preferably employed in an amount of from about 0.5 to 500 ppm by weight (parts per million), and more preferably from 2 to 400 ppm by weight, based on the weight of elemental platinum and based on the total weight of theorganopolysiloxanes present in the composition.
A preferred maleic acid derivative is represented by the formula ##STR9## where R.sup.1 is the same as above and R.sup.2 is a monovalent hydrocarbonoxy radical having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms per radical, which is bonded to the carbon atom ofthe ##STR10## group.
Examples of hydrocarbonoxy radicals represented by R.sup.2 are methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, 2-ethylhexyloxy, allyloxy, cyclohexyloxy, 2-methylbut-3-en-2-oxy, phenoxy and the benzyloxy radical as well as the various butoxy, hexyloxy andhexadecyloxy radicals.
Specific examples of maleic acid derivatives having the formula ##STR11## where R.sup.1 is a hydroxyl group and R.sup.2 is the same as above, are maleic acid semiesters such as maleic acid monomethylester, maleic acid monoethylester, maleic acidmono-n-propylester, maleic acid monoisopropylester, the various maleic acid monobutylesters, the various maleic acid monohexylesters, maleic acid mono-2-ethylhexylester, maleic acid monoallylester, monophenoxy maleate, maleic acid monobenzylester, maleicacid monocyclohexylester, maleic acid mono-2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl-ester, and the various maleic acid monohexadecylesters.
Specific examples of maleic acid derivatives of the formula ##STR12## where R.sup.2 represents a hydrocarbonoxy radical which is bonded to the carbon atom of the ##STR13## group and R.sup.1 is a trimethylsiloxy group, are those of the followingformulas ##STR14## where M represents the group ##STR15## These compounds may be prepared by conventional methods by substituting a trimethylsilyl group for the hydrogen atom in a carboxyl group. For example, a maleic acid semiester, such as maleic acidmonomethylester may be reacted with trimethylchlorosilane in the presence of an acid-binding agent such as triethylamine or with another silylating agent, such as bis-trimethylsilyl urea or trimethylsilylimidazole.
However, R.sup.2 may also represent a hydrocarbonoxy radical which is bonded to the carbon atom in the ##STR16## formula in the group ##STR17## and which is substituted with at least one triorganosilyl group. Preferred among such R.sup.2radicals are those of the following formula
where R.sup.4 represents hydrogen or the same or different alkyl radicals having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms per radical, preferably hydrogen, and R.sup.5 represents the same or different alkyl radicals having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms per radicaland n is an integer with a value of from 3 to 19.
An example of a maleic acid derivative having a triorganosilyl group in the R.sup.2 radical which may be used in this invention, is the compound of the formula ##STR18##
Also, preferred among the maleic acid derivatives are those with the formula
where at least one of the R.sup.6 radicals has the following formula ##STR19## R.sup.1, R.sup.4 and n are the same as above and the other R.sup.6 radicals are those of the formula
or radicals represented by R.sup.7 where R.sup.4 and n are the same as above. The R.sup.7 radicals are alkyl radicals having from 2 to 3 carbon atoms per radical or the phenyl radical, where the alkyl and phenyl radicals may be halogenated, andx represents 0 or an integer having a value of from 1 to 200, preferably no more than 70, and y is an integer having a value of from 1 to 10 and more preferably from 1 to 8.
Specific examples of such organopolysiloxanes which are substituted with at least one group of the formula ##STR20## are those corresponding to the following formulas ##STR21##
The maleic acid derivatives having a hydrocarbonoxy radical that is bonded to the carbon atom of an ##STR22## group and which is substituted with a silyl group and organopolysiloxanes of the formula
may for example be prepared by heretofore known methods. These derivatives may be prepared, for example, by the following steps in which (1) compounds of the following formula
where R.sup.5 is the same as above, or compounds of the formula
where R.sup.7, x and y are the same as above and at least one R.sup.8 represents hydrogen, while the other radicals have the same meaning as R.sup.7, are added to compositions of the formula
in the presence of a platinum catalyst, where R.sup.4 and n are the same as above, (2) the carbon-bonded trimethylsiloxy group is cleaved with hydrogen chloride and thereafter (3) the products thus obtained are reacted with maleic acid anhydrideto form the acid ester. Preferably, the third step is carried out in the presence of a solvent such as toluene, xylene or halogenated hydrocarbons and at 40.degree. C. or at approximately 40.degree. C. Once the reaction has been completed, the solventis evaporated.
The maleinimides, which may also be used in the compositions of this invention, are preferably those having the formula ##STR23## where R.sup.9 is hydrogen or a hydroxyl group or a trimethylsiloxy group or a hydrocarbon group. When thehydrocarbon group is an alkyl radical, it may be substituted with a hydroxyl group or with a trimethylsiloxy group.
The preceding examples of hydrocarbon radicals represented by R and R.sup.3 are also applicable to the hydrocarbon radicals represented by R.sup.9. An additional example of a hydrocarbon radical represented by R.sup.9 is the allyl radical.
Specific examples of maleic acid imides which may be used in the compositions of this invention are N-allylmaleinimide, N-2-hydroxyethylmaleinimide, N-vinylmaleinimide, N-2-trimethylsiloxyethylmaleinimide and N-hydroxymethylmaleinimide.
The maleinimides and their methods of preparation are described in the literature. The preparation of the N-hydroxymaleinimide which can also be used in the compositions of this invention is described in the examples.
It is preferred that maleic acid derivatives having the following formula ##STR24## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are the same as above, or maleinimide be used in the composition of this invention in an amount of from about 0.001 to 1 percent byweight, based on the total weight of the organopolysiloxanes present in the composition.
In addition to the organosilicon compound or compounds having Si-bonded hydrogen and the organosilicon compound or compounds having vinyl groups or organosilicon compounds containing both Si-bonded hydrogen and vinyl groups, the platinum catalystand the maleic acid derivative, it is possible to employ other substances which have been used or could have been used heretofore in organopolysiloxane compositions that have been crosslinked by the addition of Si-bonded hydrogen atoms to vinyl groups. Examples of such other substances are fillers having a surface area of at least 50 m.sup.2 /gm, such as pyrogenically produced silicon dioxide or precipitated silicon dioxide having a surface area of at least 50 m.sup.2 /gm, fillers with a surface areaof at least 50 m.sup.2 /gm, such as quartz meal, glass fibers, diatomaceous earth, electrically conductive materials, such as acetylene soot, pigments, soluble dyes, emollients, pure organic resins such as polyvinyl chloride powder, agents for improvingthe adhesion of the elastomeric or non-elastomeric products on the substrates on which they were formed and additives other than the maleic acid derivatives of this invention, which have been used to delay crosslinking of organopolysiloxane compositions.
If desired, the above fillers may be rendered hydrophobic, for example, by treating them with hexamethyldisilazane.
The compositions of this invention are preferably crosslinked at temperatures of from about 20.degree. to 180.degree. C., and more preferably at temperatures of from about 60.degree. to about 170.degree. C.
The compositions of this invention can be used for all purposes for which crosslinked organopolysiloxanes may be desirable. They may, for example, be used for embedding electrical or electronic components, for sealing purposes, for joiningpieces of glass or plates made of transparent plastic material, for insulating electrical conduits, for manufacturing molded objects, including cable caps, for manufacturing adhesive-repellent coatings, for example, on paper, and generally for thecoating of substrates of all types, including fabrics made of organic or inorganic fibers.
In the following examples, all parts are by weight unless otherwise specified.
PREPARATION OF PLATINUM-VINYLSILOXANE COMPLEX
A mixture consisting of a platinum-vinylsiloxane complex and diluent which is used in the following examples and in the comparison example was prepared in the following manner:
To a mixture consisting of 10 parts of H.sub.2 PtCl.sub.6.6H.sub.2 O, 20 parts of 1,3-divinyl-1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane and 50 parts ethanol was added 20 parts of sodium bicarbonate. The mixture was heated to boiling under reflux for 30minutes, then allowed to stand for 15 hours and finally filtered. At a pressure of approximately 16 mbar (abs.), the volatile components were distilled from the filtrate. The residue consisted of 17 parts of a liquid which was dissolved in benzene. The solution was filtered and the benzene was distilled from the filtrate. The residue was then dissolved in a dimethylpolysiloxane having vinyldimethylsiloxy groups as terminal units and having a viscosity of 1,000 mm.sup.2.s.sup.-1 at 25.degree. C.,in an amount such that the solution contained 1 percent by weight of platinum, based on the element.
.[.EXAMPLE 1
A mixture containing 100 parts of a dimethylpolysiloxane having vinyldimethylsiloxy terminal groups and a viscosity of 0.5 Pa.s at 25.degree. C., 40 ppm by weight based on the total weight of the composition of platinum as theplatinum-vinylsiloxane complex and diluent prepared above, and 33.882.multidot.10.sup.-3 parts maleic acid monoethylester was allowed to stand for 24 hours at 23.5.degree. C.; and then 100 parts of the mixture were mixed with 3 parts of atrimethylsiloxy endblocked copolymer which consisted of 33.33 mole percent dimethylsiloxane and 66.66 mole percent methylhydrogensiloxane units having a viscosity of 0.06 Pa.s at 25.degree. C.
The resultant organopolysiloxane composition was kept in an open container at 23.5.degree. C. until it had a viscosity of 2 Pa.s. The elapsed time was 5.75 hours.
EXAMPLE 2
The procedure described in Example 1 was repeated, except that 36.704.multidot.10.sup.-3 parts of maleic acid monoallylester were substituted for the 33.882.multidot.10.sup.-3 parts of maleic acid monoethylester. The mixture attained a viscosityof 2 Pa.s at 23.5.degree. C. after 10 hours.
EXAMPLE 3
The procedure described in Example 1 was repeated, except that 53.646.multidot.10.sup.-3 parts of maleic acid mono-b 2-ethylhexylester were substituted for the 33.882.multidot.10.sup.-3 parts of maleic acid monoethylester. The mixture attained aviscosity of 2 Pa.s at 23.5.degree. C. after 4.8 hours.
COMPARISON EXAMPLE
The procedure described in Example 1 was repeated, except that 46.116.multidot.10.sup.-3 parts of maleic acid diallylester were substituted for the 33.882.multidot.10.sup.-3 parts of maleic acid monoethylester. A viscosity of 2 Pa.s at23.5.degree. C. was attained after 2.9 hours..].
EXAMPLE 4
.[.The procedure described in Example 1 was repeated, except that.]. .Iadd.A mixture containing 100 parts of a dimethylpolysiloxane having vinyldimethylsiloxy terminal groups and a viscosity of 0.5 Pa.s at 25.degree. C., 40 ppm by weight basedon the total weight of the composition of platinum as the platinumvinylsiloxane complex and diluent prepared above and .Iaddend.71.528.multidot.10.sup.-3 parts of an organosiloxane having the formula ##STR25## .[.were substituted for the33.882.multidot.10.sup.-3 parts of.]. maleic acid monoethylester .Iadd.was allowed to stand for 24 hours at 23.5.degree. C.; and then 100 parts of the mixture were mixed with 3 parts of a trimethylsiloxy endblocked copolymer which consisted of 33.33mole percent dimethylsiloxane and 66.66 mole percent methylhydrogensiloxane units having a viscosity of 0.06 Pa.s at 25.degree. C.
The resultant organopolysiloxane composition was kept in an open container at 23.5.degree. C. until it had a viscosity of 2 Pa.s. .Iaddend.
The time elapsed before the mixture attained the desired viscosity at 23.5.degree. C. was 14 hours.
At a temperature of 150.degree. C., .[.Examples 1 through.]. .Iadd.Example .Iaddend.4 crosslinked and formed .[.elastomers.]. .Iadd.an elastomer .Iaddend.within 10 seconds.
The maleic acid derivative employed above was prepared in the following manner:
(a) A solution containing 130 gm of allyloxytrimethylsilane and 340 ml of toluene was mixed with 0.2 ml of a 0.1 percent by weight solution of dicyclopentadiene-platinum dichloride in methylene chloride and then heated to boiling. While boilingwas maintained, about 148 gm of pentamethyldisiloxane in 150 ml of toluene were added dropwise to the boiling mixture over a period of 90 minutes. The mixture was boiled under reflux for an additional 3 hours and after the mixture had cooled to roomtemperature, active charcoal was added in order to absorb the platinum catalyst. Following filtration and removal of the solvent in a rotating evaporator, the product consisted of 190 gm of a composition having the formula
(b) A solution consisting of 190 gm of the composition obtained in (a) above and 350 ml of methanol was mixed with 3 ml of concentrated hydrochloric acid and stirred for 1 hour at room temperature. The resultant mixture was then mixed with 1.6gm sodium carbonate and stirred for one additional hour. After the methanol had been distilled off and following the filtration of the precipitated salt, the product consisted of 120 gm of a compound of the formula
(c) About 94 gm of composition (b) above, and 45 gm of maleic acid anhydride were stirred for 72 hours at 40.degree. C. in 500 ml of toluene. After the toluene had been distilled off, 135 gm of a light yellow liquid were obtained, whichcorresponded to the maleic acid derivative described in Example (4) above, as determined by .sup.1 H-NMR spectroscopy.
EXAMPLE 5
About 100 parts of a dimethylpolysiloxane containing vinyldimethylsiloxy terminal units and having a viscosity of 10 Pa.s at 25.degree. C., were mixed with 20 parts of pyrogenically produced hydrophobic silicon dioxide having a surface area of150 m.sup.2 /gm and trimethylsilyloxy groups, 2 parts of a trimethylsiloxy endblocked copolymer which consisted of 50 mole percent of dimethylsiloxane units and 50 mole percent of methylhydrogensiloxane units, and which had a viscosity of 0.1 Pa.s at25.degree. C., 5 ppm by weight based on the weight of the total composition of platinum in the form of H.sub.2 PtCl.sub.6.6H.sub.2 O and 0.06 parts of N-2-hydroxyethylmaleinimide.
Even after storing for 6 days at room temperature, the viscosity of the organopolysiloxane composition did not change. When the composition was exposed to a temperature of 165.degree. C., the composition crosslinked within 5 minutes, forming anelastomer having a Shore-A hardness of 40.
EXAMPLE 6
About 100 parts of a vinyldimethylsiloxy endblocked copolymer consisting of 99.8 mole percent of dimethylsiloxane units and 0.2 mole percent of vinylmethylsiloxane units and having a viscosity of 10.sup.4 Pa.s at 25.degree. C., were mixed with 8parts of a dimethylpolysiloxane having an Si-bonded hydroxyl group in each of its terminal units and having a viscosity of 30 mPa.s at 25.degree. C., 10 parts of pyrogenically produced silicon dioxide having a surface area of 200 m.sup.2 /gm, 30 partsof acetylene black, 2.5 parts of a trimethylsiloxy endblocked copolymer consisting of 50 mole percent of dimethylsiloxane units and 50 mole percent of methylhydrogensiloxane units and a viscosity of 0.1 Pa.s at 25.degree. C., 10 ppm by weight, based onthe total weight of the composition of platinum in the form of H.sub.2 PtCl.sub.6.6H.sub.2 O and 0.07 parts of N-2-hydroxyethylmaleinimide.
After five days, the organopolysiloxane composition was still in a plastic state. When exposed to a temperature of 150.degree. C., the composition crosslinked within 5 minutes, forming an elastomer having a Shore-A hardness of 70.
EXAMPLE 7
The procedure described in Example 6 was repeated except that 35 parts of pyrogenic silicon dioxide having a surface area of 200 m.sup.2 /g and 5 ppm by weight of platinum in the form of H.sub.2 PtCl.sub.6.6H.sub.2 O were substituted for the 10parts of pyrogenic silicon dioxide having a surface area of 200 m.sup.2 /gm and the 10 ppm by weight of platinum in the form of H.sub.2 PtCl.sub.6.6H.sub.2 O. No acetylene black was employed in this composition.
After five days the organopolysiloxane composition was still in a plastic state. When exposed to a temperature of 150.degree. C., it crosslinked within 5 minutes, to form an elastomer having a Shore-A hardness of 50.
EXAMPLE 8
The procedure of Example 5 was repeated, except that the same molar quantity of N-trimethylsilyloxymaleinimide was substituted for the 0.06 parts of N-2-hydroxyethylmaleinimide. The product was substantially the same as that of Example 5.
The N-trimethylsilyloxymaleinimide used in this example was prepared in the following manner:
(a) About 18.1 gm of a compound having the formula ##STR26## (Bull. Soc. Chem. Jap., 44, 1971, pages 1084-1089, Mitsuaki Narita et al.) and 12.3 gm of bis-trimethylsilyl urea in 200 ml of methylene chloride were stirred for 12 hours at roomtemperature and then filtered. The solvent was then removed in a rotating evaporator. The product consisted of 25 gm of the compound having the above formula, except that the hydrogen which was bonded to nitrogen via oxygen was substituted with atrimethylsilyl group. This structure was determined by .sup.1 H-NMR spectroscopy.
(b) About 20 gm of the compound obtained from (a) above were slowly heated to 160.degree. C. in a distillation apparatus, resulting in the sudden development of furan. Once the production of furan had terminated, the residue was distilled at130 Pa (abs.). At 100.degree. C. a light yellow liquid distilled over and crystallized immediately (melting point 117.degree. C.). According to .sup.1 H-NMR spectroscopy, the liquid was N-trimethylsilyloxymaleinimide.
EXAMPLE 9
The procedure of Example 6 was repeated, except that the same molar quantity of N-hydroxymaleinimide was substituted for the 0.07 parts of N-2-hydroxyethylmaleinimide. The results were substantially identical to those of Example 6.
The hydroxymaleinimide used above was prepared in the following manner:
About 3 gm of the compound obtained in Example 8(b) were added to 10 ml of water and stirred for 15 minutes at room temperature. After the water had been evaporated in a rotating evaporator, 1.8 gm of N-hydroxymaleinimide having a melting pointof 141.degree. C. were obtained.
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