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Strawberry plant Dorit |
| PP7869 |
Strawberry plant Dorit
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| Patent Drawings: | |
| Inventor: |
Izsak, et al. |
| Date Issued: |
May 19, 1992 |
| Application: |
07/735,968 |
| Filed: |
July 25, 1991 |
| Inventors: |
Izhar; Shamai (Rehovot, IL)
Izsak; Eva (Rehovot, IL)
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| Assignee: |
State of Israel, Ministry of Agriculture, The Volcani Center (Bet Dagan, IL) |
| Primary Examiner: |
Feyrer; James R. |
| Assistant Examiner: |
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| Attorney Or Agent: |
Pennie & Edmonds |
| U.S. Class: |
PLT/208 |
| Field Of Search: |
Plt/48; Plt/49 |
| International Class: |
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| U.S Patent Documents: |
PP4487; PP5262; PP5263; PP5264; PP5268; PP6578; PP7024; PP7127 |
| Foreign Patent Documents: |
370/82 |
| Other References: |
Howard, C. M. and Albregts, E. E., 1980; HortScience 15(4):540..
Dubinsky, V., 1985; Mc.Sc. Thesis, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Rehovot, Israel (Hebrew original and English translation)..
Bringhurst, R. S. and Voth, V., 1989; Fruit Var. J 43(1):12-19..
Izsak, E. (1978) Hassadeh 59:443-446..
Izsak, E. and Izhar, S. (1983) Hassadeh 63:2100-2103..
Izsak, E. and Izhar, S. (1984) Hassadeh 64:1774-1777..
Izsak, E. and Izhar, S. (1984) Hassadeh, 64:1778-1781.. |
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| Abstract: |
A new and distinct variety of strawberry (Fragaria L.) called "Dorit" is disclosed. The variety is a cross between "Dover A" and "Nurit", which results in a variety that flowers several months earlier than other known strawberry varieties. |
| Claim: |
What is claimed is:
1. A new distinct variety of strawberry substantially as illustrated and described and distinguished as being able to grow in September and produce fruit starting in Novemberand lasting until summer, with fruit having a good taste and shape and a long shelf life. |
| Description: |
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a new and distinct variety of strawberry (Fragaria L.) called "Dorit". The variety was developed from an organized scientifically designated breeding program carried out at the Agricultural Research Organization,the Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel. The variety is the product of selection of seedlings resulting from crosses between the strawberry varieties "Dover A" and "Nurit". The variety was asexually vegetatively propagated through runners and thereproduction ran true.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The new variety "Dorit" is able to grow in September and produce fruit starting in November and lasting until summer. The production of fruit beginning in November is two months earlier than any known variety of Fragaria L. The fruit of the"Dorit" variety is characterized by good taste, good shape and size as well as a long shelf life.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
FIG. 1. Photograph of the "Dorit" variety illustrating the foliage and fruit.
FIG. 2. Photograph of the "Dorit" variety illustrating the fruit.
FIG. 3. Photograph of the "Dorit" variety illustrating the entire plant with both flowers and fruit.
DETAILED BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The "Dorit" variety was grown in winter under polyethylene tunnels in Israel. "Dorit" is a short day variety that flowers earlier than other known and available short day length strawberry varieties. Flowering and fruit production is notaffected by the use of polyethylene wind tunnels. This production procedure is utilized in normal agricultural practices by the skilled artisan and does not involve temperature or light control. Mother plants were stored at 0.degree. C. from Januarythrough April. They were then planted in the nursery without further treatment. Runners with plantlets were produced during summer. These young plantlets were collected from the nursery in September and transferred to raised beds. Averagetemperatures at that time of the year are 30.degree. C. during the day and 22.degree. C. at night. Water and fertilizers were applied through drip irrigation. An example of an optimum planting date is between September 20th to the 25th with theapproximate date of flowering on October 27, and the approximate date of first fruiting on November 27. "Dorit" flowering is not induced by chilling, but by natural exposure to short day length (long nights) characteristic of late fall and early winter. Color readings described herein were taken under natural light conditions and color identifications were made by reference to The Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart (R.H.S.C.C.) except where common terms of color definition are employed.
The pertinent characteristics of the present invention are presented in Table 1 and Table 2. Additionally, the variety "Dorit" (1) has no tendency toward fruit malformation; (2) disease resistance appears normal in that no particular problematicconditions arose during trials; and (3) the type of bearing is not remontant (e.g., "Dorit" blooms perpetuously, during late fall and winter).
Fruit shape of "Dorit" is similar to the strawberry variety "Pajaro". The fruit is longer than broad, with primary, secondary and tertiary fruit possessing distinct shape (Table 2). The fruit is of medium firmness with an orange red color(Table 2).
The variety "Dorit" flowers several months earlier than known strawberry varieties. One of the closest known varieties would be "Karina" (Table 1) as well as the new varieties under co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. Nos. 07/735,969("Sharon"), 07/735,965 ("Shalom"), 07/735,967 ("Smadar"), and 07/735,970 ("Saaid"). Additionally early flowering results in early fruit production for "Dorit" and the four co-pending varieties (Table 3). Total Soluble Solids (TSS), percent acidity andaroma are presented in Table 4 by comparison to the varieties listed in Table 3.
TABLE 1 ______________________________________ PLANT CHARACTERISTICS OF "DORIT" MORPHOLOGICAL COMPARABLE TRAIT DESCRIPTION.sup.a VARIETY.sup.b ______________________________________ Classification Botanical- Fragaria L. Plant habitFlat-Globose "Senagana" Plant density Medium "Gorella" Plant vigor Strong "Grande" Leaf: a) Length 15-20 cm b) Width 13-18 cm c) Color Green Group 143 A (RHSCC) 1) Upper Side: Medium Green 2) Lower Side: Medium Green d) Blistering Weak e)Cross-section Concave f) # of leaflets Sometimes >3 Terminal leaflet a) Length/Width As long as broad ratio b) Shape of base Obtuse c) Shape of teeth Rounded d) Length 7-9 cm e) Width 6-8 cm Flower a) Size Large "Dominal".sup.c b) Sizeof calyx to Much larger corolla c) Size of inner calyx Smaller versus outer calyx d) Spacing of petals Overlapping e) Petal length/width Broader than long to as long as broad f) Time of flowering Early "Karina".sup.d Stolon a) Number Many"Gorella".sup.e b) Thickness Medium c) Pubescence Strong d) Anthocyanin Absent or very coloration weak Petiole a) Pose of hairs Outwards b) Length 7-9 cm c) color Medium Green Inflorescence a) Position relative Beneath to foliage StamenNormal Pistil Normal ______________________________________ .sup.a The description of "Dorit" is based on the test guidelines for Fragaria L. of the International Union for the Protection of New Plant Varieties, (UPOV). .sup.b Only characteristicswhich are relevant for comparing varieties ar listed. For example, there are no varietal differences acknowledged in th characteristic "color of lower side of leaf". .sup.c The flower size of the "Dorit" variety is also larger than flowers of thevariety "Gorella". .sup.d "Dorit" flowers at the end of October. One of the earliest known varieties for comparison is "Karina", which flowers in January. .sup.e "Dorit" still produces more runners than the comparable variety, "Gorella".
TABLE 2 ______________________________________ FRUIT CHARACTERISTICS OF "DORIT".sup.a CHARACTERISTIC DESCRIPTION ______________________________________ Time of ripening Early Ratio of length/maximum width Longer than broad PrimaryFruit.sup.b Bi-conical Length 43-50 mm Width 30-36 mm Secondary Fruit Conical Length 33-37 mm Width 27-32 mm Tertiary Fruit Ovoid length 28-30 mm width 25-26 mm Size Large Band without achenes Narrow Unevenness of surface Weak Color Orangered Evenness of color Even Glossiness Medium Insertion of achenes Level with surface Insertion of calyx Level with surface Pose of calyx segments Reflexed Size of calyx in relation Same size to fruit diameter Adherance of calyx Strong FirmnessMedium to firm Color of Flesh Light red Evenness of flesh color Even Sweetness.sup.c Strong Color 42 BC circa (RHSCC) Taste.sup.c Good ______________________________________ .sup.a The shape of "Dorit" fruit is similar to that of the variety "Pajaro". .sup.b There is a marked difference between the shape of the primary, secondary and tertiary fruit. .sup.c See Table 4.
TABLE 3 ______________________________________ COMPARATIVE YIELD OF "DORIT".sup.a Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. ______________________________________ Dorit 30 70 100 100 100 100 Sharon.sup.b 40 60 80 80 80 80 Shalom.sup.c 50 70 80 100100 70 Smadar.sup.d 50 70 100 100 100 50 Saaid.sup.e 0 70 100 100 100 100 Douglas.sup.f 0 0 40 150 150 150 Chandler.sup.g 0 0 30 150 150 120 ______________________________________ .sup.a Average yield in g/m.sup.2 in Ramat Hadar, Israel(1989-90). The time of ripening for "Dorit" fruit is early. .sup.b U.S. Application Ser. No. 07/735,969. The time of ripening for "Sharon" fruit is very early. .sup.c U.S. Application Ser. No. 07/735,695. The time of ripening for "Shalom" fruit isearly. .sup.d U.S. Application Ser. No. 07/735,967. The time of ripening for "Smadar" fruit is very early to early. .sup.e U.S. Application Ser. No. 07/735,970. The time of ripening for "Saaid" fruit is early to medium. .sup.f U.S. Plant Pat.#4,487. The time of ripening for "Douglas" fruit i late. .sup.g U.S. Plant Pat. #5,262. The time of ripening for "Chandler" fruit is late.
TABLE 4 ______________________________________ COMPARATIVE FRUIT CHARACTERISTICS OF "DORIT" T.S.S..sup.a Acidity.sup.b in % in % Aroma Taste ______________________________________ Dorit 8.5-9.5 1.0 5 Good Sharon.sup.c 6.5-7.0 1.0 3Slightly Acidic Shalom.sup.d 8.0-9.0 1.0 4 Normal Smadar.sup.e 8.5-9.5 1.0 5 Good Saaid.sup.f 8.0-9.0 1.0 3 Normal Douglas.sup.g 6.5-7.0 0.8 3 Slightly Acidic Chandler.sup.h 6.5-7.0 0.8 3 Slightly Acidic ______________________________________ .sup.a Total Soluble Solids expresses fruit sweetness and was determined with a refractometer. .sup.b Percent of acidity was determined as follows: 2 cc of juice extrac was mixed with 20 cc of water. Five dropsof fenolfthaleinen was added an the mixture was titrated with NaOH. The percent acidity is calculated as the quantity of NaOH (cc) .times. 0.32. .sup.c U.S. Application Ser. No. 07/735,969. .sup.d U.S. Application Ser. No. 07/735,695. .sup.e U.S.Application Ser. No. 07/735,967. .sup.f U.S. Application Ser. No. 07/735,970. .sup.g U.S. Plant Pat. #4,487. .sup.h U.S. Plant Pat. #5,262.
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