An integrated optical waveguide type surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor having an optical waveguide with a corresponding SPR sensing area, photodetectors, and wavelength tunable laser or any kind of external tunable laser source/coupler formed on a substrate. In an embodiment, the
The present invention provides an active semiconductor optical switch for a 1.times.N interconnect switch having an input light channel, a plurality of output light channels, and a steering section coupled between the input and output channels. The steering section selectively directs an
