Organic compounds (class 532, subclass 1)

Fatty compounds having an acid moiety which contains the carbonyl of a carboxylic acid, salt, ester, or amide group bonded directly to one end of an acyclic chain of at least seven (7) uninterrupted carbons, wherein any additional carbonyl in the acid moiety is (1) part of an aldehyde or ketone group, (2) bonded directly to a noncarbon atom which is between the additional carbonyl and the chain, or (3) attached indirectly to the chain via ionic bonding

Acyclic carbon-to-carbon unsaturation in the acid moiety

Plural carbon-to-carbon unsaturation in the acid moiety (e.g., polyunsaturated fatty acids, etc.)

Acyclic carbon-to-carbon unsaturation in the alcohol moiety

Additional carbonyl in the acid moiety (e.g., oiticica oil, licanic acid, etc.)

Alicyclic ring in the acid moiety (e.g., prostaglandin analogs, etc.)

Oxygen double bonded directly to the ring (i.e., the carbon of the additional carbonyl is part of the ring; e.g., homo prostaglandins, etc.)

Additional oxygen bonded directly to the ring

Benzene ring in the acid moiety

Halogen or plural additional carbonyls in the acid moiety

Hydrogen bonded directly to the additional carbonyl (i.e., aldehyde containing)

The additional carbonyl is in a -c(=o)o- group

Plural additional carbonyls in the acid moiety

Additional oxygen in the acid moiety (e.g., hydroxystearic acid, etc.)

Acyclic carbon-to-carbon unsaturation in the acid moiety (e.g., ricinoleic acid, castor oil, etc.)

Alicyclic ring in the acid moiety (e.g., prostaglandin analog, etc.)

Benzene ring in the acid moiety

Plural oxygens bonded directly to the alicyclic ring

Plural oxygens bonded directly to the ring

Benzene ring in the acid moiety

Alicyclic ring in the acid moiety

The alicyclic ring is five-membered

Aluminum containing

Benzene ring in the acid moiety

Boron, selenium, or silicon containing

Chemical modification of oils to improve their drying properties and products thereof

Dehydration or carbon to carbon unsaturation formation (e.g., dehydrating hydroxylated fatty acids or oils, forming conjugated unsaturation by dehydrogenation, dehalogenation, dehydrohalogenation, etc.)

Group ia or iia light metal containing compound utilized

Heavy metal containing compound utilized (e.g., as catalyst, promoter, etc.)

Sulfur containing compound utilized

Esterification or molecular rearrangement (e.g., intra- or inter-esterification, etc.)

Polymerization process and product thereof (e.g., thermal polymerization, oxidative polymerization, etc.)

Additional organic compound utilized (e.g., as catalyst, promoter, etc.)

The additional organic compound is an ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon monomer (e.g., butadiene, cyclopentadiene, styrene, etc.)

Inorganic material utilized

Purification or recovery

Esterification of fatty material to reduce the amount of free fatty acid or to facilitate separation of constituents

Extraction directly from animal or plant source material (e.g., recovery from garbage, fish offal, slaughter house waste, whole fish, olive fruit, etc.)

Fish liver source material

Legume, nut, or seed source material (e.g., peanut, soya bean, rice bran, etc.)

Carbon dioxide, peroxy, sulfur, nitrogen, or metal containing treating agent utilized

Fatty or sugar containing treating agent utilized (e.g., miscella, molasses, lecithin, cocoa butter used; heated cashew oil used to extract more oil from cashew nuts; using soap as emulsifier, etc.)

Organic solvent extraction

Halogen or oxygen in the solvent (e.g., carbon tetrachloride, ethanol, etc.)

Plural diverse solvents utilized together or sequentially (e.g., solvent is mixture of acetone and hexane, ethyl and isopropyl alcohols, etc.)

Steam or water added

Vacuum or pressure utilized (e.g., normally gaseous hydrocarbon solvent kept liquid under pressure, etc.)

Steam or water added or vacuum utilized

Organic solvent extraction

Halogen or oxygen in the solvent (e.g., trichloroethylene, alcohol, etc.)

Steam or water added (e.g., wet rendering, etc.)

Sulfur, silicon, nitrogen, or metal containing treating agent utilized (e.g., salt or brine, clay, lime, etc.)

Vacuum utilized

Halogen in the acid moiety

Plural halogens in the acid moiety

Halogen in the alcohol moiety

Heavy metal containing (e.g., as, cr, mn, sb, v, etc.)

Iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, silver, or gold containing (fe, co, ni, cu, ag, or au)

Lead or tin containing (pb or sn)

Titanium, zirconium, or cerium containing (ti, zr, or ce)

Zinc, cadmium, or mercury containing (zn, cd, or hg)

Nitrogen containing

Additional oxygen containing (e.g., hydroxy, ether, etc.)

Carboxamide, cyano, or isocyanate containing

Plural additional oxygens containing

Nitro or carboxamide containing

The additional oxygens are in a -c(=o)o- group

Cyano containing

Plural nitrogens containing (e.g., guanidine, hydrazine, etc.)

Additional oxygen containing

The additional oxygen is in a -c(=o)o- group

The additional oxygen is in a carboxamide, carbamate, or urea group (e.g., chloramphenicol palmitate, etc.)

Processes

Phosphorus containing

Glycerophosphates (e.g., phosphatidic acids, phosphatidyl inositol, etc.)

Nitrogen containing (e.g., cephalins, lecithins, etc.)

Halogen or sulfur containing

Processes of forming the compound

Purification on recovery

Nitrogen containing

Plural oxy groups in the alcohol moiety (e.g., triglycerides, ethylene glycol monostearate, 2-methoxy ethyl laurate, etc.)

Ring in the alcohol moiety

Processes of forming the compound

Carbonylation, carbonation, or hydroformylation

Group viii metal containing material utilized

Halogen containing material utilized

Phosphorus or sulfur containing material utilized

Catalytic hydrogenation

Additional treating agent utilized (e.g., as catalyst carrier or promoter, oil deodorizer, oil solvent, pretreatment agent, oil filtering aid, etc.)

Conversion of a functional group in the course of hydrogenation (e.g., hydrogenolysis, etc.)

Including esterification or inter-esterification (e.g., prior to, simultaneously with, or after hydrogenation, etc.)

Plural heavy metal containing materials utilized

Plural hydrogenation steps or continuous hydrogenation process

Selective hydrogenation (e.g., of polyunsaturated to monounsaturated, of acetylenic to ethylenic compound, etc.)

Double bond shift (e.g., conjugation, etc.)

Forming carbon to carbon unsaturation (i.e., forming a double or triple bond)

Geometric isomer formation (e.g., cis-trans, syn-anti, etc.)

Group ia or iia metal containing reactant (e.g., forming a soap from fat and alkali, i.e., saponification, etc.)

Inorganic boron, halogen, phosphorus, silicon, sulfur, elemental metal, or additional metal containing compound utilized (e.g., utilizing inorganic agent for "salting out", bleaching, purifying, etc.)

Organic material, in addition to a fatty material, utilized or plural diverse fatty materials utilized (e.g., as solvent, reaction promoter, etc.)

Hydrolyzing fatty material with water only

Inorganic halogen containing reactant

Nitrogen, phosphorus, or sulfur containing reactant

Inorganic sulfur containing reactant (e.g., utilizing sulfuric acid to decompose soap, etc.)

Organic halogen containing reactant

Another reactant is a carboxylic acid salt

Metal containing material utilized (e.g., grignard reagent, friedel crafts catalyst, etc.)

The reactant contains carbonyl bonded directly to the halogen

Oxidation

Chromium containing compound utilized as oxidizing agent (e.g., chromic acid, chromosulfuric acid, etc.)

Molecular oxygen utilized as oxidizing agent

Heavy metal containing catalyst utilized

Cobalt containing catalyst

Manganese containing catalyst

Nitric acid utilized as oxidizing agent

Ozone utilized

Peroxy containing material utilized as oxidizing agent

Oxygen containing hetero ring reactant (e.g., succinic anhydride, etc.)

Oxirane containing reactant

Reactant contains -c(=o)o- group (e.g., carboxylic acid, salt, anhydride, etc.)

Another reactant contains alcoholic or phenolic hydroxy

Plural hydroxys in the hydroxy containing reactant

Glycerol

Ring in the hydroxy containing reactant

Bonding a hydrocarbyl group to the -c(=o)o- containing reactant

The -c(=o)o- is part of an ester group

Another reactant contains alcoholic or phenolic hydroxy (e.g., methy ricinoleate, etc.)

Plural alcoholic or phenolic hydroxys (e.g., glycerol, castor oil, etc.)

Another reactant is a carboxylic acid anhydride (i.e., contains -c(=o)-o-c(=o)-)

Another reactant is a carboxylic acid

Polycarboxylic or hydroxy acid (i.e., containing additional -c(=o)oh or an -oh group)

Molecular rearrangement of the acid moieties of glyceride esters (e.g., random or directed low temperature intra- or inter-esterification of fats, oils, etc.)

Purification, recovery, deodorizing, decolorizing or color stabilizing

Boron or phosphorus containing treating agent

Carboxylic acid, anhydride, or acid halide treating agent

Crystallization or precipitation (e.g., separation according to degree of saturation, etc.)

Gas or vapor treating agent (e.g., steam, carbon dioxide, hydrocarbon vapors, etc.)

Group ia or iia light metal containing treating agent (i.e., li, na, k, rb, cs, or be, mg, ca, sr, ba) [e.g., carbonates, etc.]

Inorganic halogen containing treating agent

Organic treating agent added to or included with fatty material

The organic treating agent contains oxygen

The treating agent is a carboxylic acid, anhydride, or salt thereof

Silicon containing treating agent (e.g., sodium silicate, etc.)

The treating agent is a metal oxide or hydroxide (e.g., lye, lime, caustic alkali, etc.)

Centrifugal separation

Water or steam added

Heavy metal or aluminum containing treating agent

Metal containing contaminant removal (e.g., of colloidal elemental metal catalyst, of metal ions, etc.)

Nitrogen containing compound treating agent

The treating agent is organic

Urea or nitro group containing

Organic solvent utilized

Halogen containing or hydrocarbon solvent

Water utilized (e.g., solvent-solvent extraction, etc.)

With crystallization or precipitation (e.g., separation according to degree of saturation, etc.)

Halogen containing or hydrocarbon solvent

Organic treating agent

Oxidation of impurities

Air, gaseous oxygen, or halogen containing treating agent

Peroxy containing treating agent

Recovering from industrial waste materials (e.g., foots, textile treating liquors, spent sorbents, filter cake, sewage, sludge, soapstock, etc.)

Hydrocarbon or halohydrocarbon treating agent

Metal oxide, hydroxide, carbonate, or bicarbonate treating agent

Organic or inorganic acid or anhydride treating agent (e.g., carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, etc.)

Sorbent material utilized (e.g., activated carbon, decolorizing clay, bentonite, synthetic resin, etc.)

And utilizing group ia or iia metal oxide, hydroxide, or carbonate treating agent (e.g., saponification, neutralization, etc.)

Removal of fatty material from the sorbent or solvent utilized

Sulfur containing treating agent

Sulfuric or sulfurous acid treating agent

The treating agent is inorganic

Ring in the alcohol moiety

Sulfur containing

Processes utilizing elemental sulfur

Processes utilizing sulfur chloride

Sulfoxy containing (e.g., sulfones, etc.)

Carbocyclic ring in the acid moiety

Carbon bonded directly to -s(=o)(=o)oh or to -o-s(=o)(=o)oh, wherein h may be replaced by a cation or by an ester forming group (e.g., sulfonic acid sulfate monoester, etc.)

Metal salt

Processes of sulfonating in the presence of lower carboxylic acid, anhydride, acid halide, or phosphorus containing material

Processes utilizing anhydrous sulfur trioxide (e.g., in gaseous form, in sulfur dioxide solution, etc.)

Purification or recovery

Nitrogen containing (e.g., sulfonamide containing, etc.)

The sulfoxy is in the alcohol moiety (e.g., sulfate esters of fatty acid monoglycerides, etc.)

Having -s(=o)(=o)-o-x attached indirectly to the single bonded oxygen of the carboxyl group by a single carbon or a chain consisting of carbons, which chain or carbon may include a ring, wherein x is hydrogen or a cation (e.g., isethionates, etc.)

Nitrogen bonded directly to carbon in the alcohol moiety

Purification or recovery

Twitchell or pfeilring reagent (i.e., product of sulfonation of fatty material in the presence of an aromatic hydrocarbon or phenol)

Thioether, thiol, or mercaptide containing

Plural sulfurs containing

The carbonyl is part of a carboxamide group (i.e., fatty acid amides)

Additional carbonyl in the acid moiety

Noncarbon atom bonded directly to the additional carbonyl

Additional nitrogen containing

Amidino or guanidino containing

Cyano or hydrazino containing

Halogen or additional oxygen containing (e.g., isocyanate containing, etc.)

Additional carboxamide group containing (e.g., carbamates, ureas, etc.)

Additional nitrogen or -c(=o)o- group containing

Plural additional carboxamide groups containing

Containing -c(=o)o- group

Nitro containing or plural oxyalkylene groups bonded directly to each other

Quaternary ammonium containing

Additional oxygen containing (e.g., amides of ricinoleic acid, etc.)

Containing -c(=o)o- group

Halogen containing

Hydroxyalkyl substituent on the amido nitrogen

Oxygen bonded directly to a ring

Plural oxyalkylene groups bonded directly to each other

Boron, silicon, selenium, or tellurium containing

Halogen containing

Heavy metal or aluminum containing

Phosphorus containing

Additional nitrogen containing

Processes

Amidation

Purification or recovery

Sulfur containing

Sulfoxy containing

Additional nitrogen containing

Additional carboxamide containing

Containing -c(=o)o- group (e.g., carboxylic acid, ester, salt, etc.)

Ring bonded directly to the sulfoxy

Sulfoxy in acid moiety

The carboxamide nitrogen and a -s(=o)(=o)-o-x group attached to each other by an acyclic chain which consists of carbons, wherein x is hydrogen or a metal (e.g., taurides, etc.)

The sulfur is bonded directly to the carboxamide nitrogen or to an additional nitrogen (e.g., sulfonamide, sulfamic acid, etc.)

With preservative or stabilizer

Nitrogen containing preservative or stabilizer

Oxygen containing hetero ring in preservative or stabilizer

Phenolic preservative or stabilizer

Phosphorus containing preservative or stabilizer

Sulfur containing preservative or stabilizer