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Class Information
Number: 399
Name: Electrophotography >
Description: This class provides for electrophotographically reproducing an original (e.g., document) by the action of light directly from the original to a photoconductive member whose electrical conductivity, electrical charge, magnetic condition, or electrical emissivity of a photoconductive medium is selectively altered by the action of light to produce an electrostatic latent image which persists after imaging based upon differences in such electrical property. The latent image is made visible by development; and the developed image may be made permanent by transfer and fixing, or fixing. This class provides for the subcombinations directed to charging, developing, transferring, fixing, cleaning, or sheet feeding for an electrophotographic apparatus whether or not the imaging light is directly from the original. This class also provides for methods and means for perfecting the apparatus provided above (e.g., control of electrophotographic process, diagnostics, operator interface, etc.).


Class Number Class Name No. of Patents
399/343

Cleaning of imaging surface

202
399/347

Abrasion or film removal

43
399/350

Blade

406
399/351

Having holder

134
399/344

Color

23
399/353

Fibrous brush

169
399/354

Having applied voltage

114
399/355

Having forced air (e.g., vacuum)

39
399/358

Having handling of removed material

243
399/360

Having storage

148
399/359

Recycled to developing unit

179
399/346

Including lubricant

110
399/356

Magnetic

81
399/349

Plural diverse

128
399/348

Removing liquid developer

79
399/345

Retractable cleaning arrangement

85
399/357

Roller

107
399/352

Web

48
399/1

Combined with diverse subject matter

231
399/2

With diverse image formation

98
399/3

Electrostatic

22
399/4

Light (e.g., laser, led, lcd)

59
399/6

Composite image

66
399/7

On or adjacent to platen

16
399/5

Shared optics

12
399/38

Control of electrophotography process

150
399/42

Artificial intelligence

59
399/39

Color balance

107
399/40

Of overlapped toner images

53
399/41

Single detector for plural toners

23
399/50

Control of charging

336
399/71

Control of cleaning

158
399/53

Control of developing

240
399/55

Bias control

291
399/56

In response to potential of latent image

55
399/54

Color selection

65
399/58

Concentration control

165
399/60

Detection of developed image

111
399/61

Detection of toner in developing unit

136
399/62

Concentration detection

110
399/63

Magnetic detector

76
399/64

Optical detector

80
399/65

Including sample holder

25
399/59

Setting of reference value

80
399/57

Liquid

122
399/51

Control of exposure

209
399/52

In response to light from original

57
399/67

Control of fixing

295
399/68

Conveyance of copy

183
399/69

Temperature control

642
399/70

Warmup or standby mode

243
399/66

Control of transfer

560
399/74

Densitometer detail

122
399/73

Electrometer detail

41
399/72

Forming test image

206
399/44

Having temperature or humidity detection

334
399/46

Of plural processes

192
399/47

Having detection of exposure light

41
399/48

Having detection of photoconductor potential

111
399/49

Having detection of toner (e.g., patch)

599
399/45

Responsive to copy media characteristic

475
399/43

Responsive to number of copies or passage of time

248
399/9

Diagnostics

322
399/15

By inspection of copied image

115
399/34

Cleaning

35
399/35

Waste toner container

63
399/13

Component present or mounted

195
399/24

Consumable

260
399/26

Photoconductive member

107
399/25

Process cartridge

163
399/27

Toner

597
399/30

By concentration detector

154
399/28

Color

57
399/29

Deterioration or developability of toner

95
399/16

Document handling

210
399/23

Copy medium supply

110
399/21

Jam

251
399/22

Misstrip of copy

44
399/18

Malfunction detection responsive

173
399/19

Job recovery

81
399/20

Purge

42
399/17

Of original

72
399/33

Fixing (e.g., over-temperature protection)

156
399/31

Image forming component

94
399/32

Of exposure system (e.g., lamp, scanning, erase)

69
399/10

Log report

83
399/36

Of motive power or driven unit

32
399/37

Power supply

83
399/11

Service mode

101
399/14

Unacceptable copy coverage

55
399/12

Unit or part identification

411
399/361

Document handling

222
399/362

Book copying

58
399/381

Copy

151
399/384

Continuous (e.g., roll, fanfold)

180
399/385

Having cutting

99
399/386

In response to detection of original

15
399/387

Length adjustment

16
399/397

Delivering from transfer position

138
399/406

Curl correction

143
399/405

Discharge of copy (e.g., exit tray)

286
399/403

Having collating

161
399/404

Having offset stacking

47
399/407

Post-processing

225
399/408

Having binding

115
399/410

By staple

228
399/409

By toner

8
399/401

Re-fed for additional image

302
399/402

Having intermediate storage

107
399/398

Stripping from photoconductive member

109
399/399

Claw

47
399/400

To fixing (e.g., fuser)

124
399/388

Feeding to transfer position

243
399/393

Copy medium input tray

155
399/389

Having detection of size or type

152
399/390

Having treatment of copy medium

103
399/394

In registration with image

163
399/395

Skew correction

108
399/396

Speed control of conveyance

135
399/391

Plural copy medium sources

122
399/392

Manual feed

61
399/382

Interleaving (e.g., cover or partitioning sheet)

79
399/383

Plural copies (from same original)

18
399/363

Original and copy

44
399/364

Duplex

283
399/365

Original

62
399/367

Automatic document feeder

359
399/374

Copying both sides of original

193
399/375

For continuous or fanfold paper

27
399/371

Having position detection

90
399/370

Having size detection

158
399/369

Plural document holders

33
399/368

Plural originals simultaneously

35
399/373

Recirculating

82
399/372

Registration

93
399/376

Having detection of size

96
399/377

Holder

139
399/378

Film (e.g., transparency)

20
399/379

Platen

160
399/380

Having cover

114
399/366

Unauthorized copy prevention

163
399/107

Having particular structure

323
399/126

Adjustment

48
399/110

Modular or displaceable

387
399/115

Charging unit

83
399/125

Clamshell type

129
399/123

Cleaning unit

102
399/119

Developing unit

504
399/120

New and waste toner container

257
399/122

Fixing unit

183
399/118

Optics

86
399/124

Paper path access

286
399/116

Photoconductive member

261
399/117

Drum mount

187
399/111

Process cartridge unit

949
399/112

Color

102
399/113

Having subunit separation

289
399/114

Including cover

127
399/121

Transfer unit

167
399/108

Portable

41
399/109

Remanufacturing

187
399/130

Image formation

196
399/168

Charging

217
399/174

Contact

227
399/175

Brush

147
399/176

Roller

364
399/170

Corona

189
399/172

Having case

38
399/171

Having grid

137
399/173

Needle type

33
399/169

Having selection of area to be charged

42
399/148

Combined or plural functions by single component

48
399/149

Development and cleaning

177
399/150

Simultaneously

102
399/151

Combined with scanning

77
399/146

Contact exposure

7
399/222

Development

150
399/236

Applicator speed

55
399/234

Development prevention

35
399/235

Bias voltage

42
399/252

Dry development

191
399/265

Application member

88
399/287

Fiber brush

13
399/266

Having cloud-forming application

147
399/267

Magnetic brush

324
399/270

Having applied bias

196
399/271

Auxiliary electrode

35
399/268

Having sheet guide

15
399/272

Loading

170
399/277

Magnet

244
399/278

Web or belt

12
399/269

Plural

100
399/274

Regulating (e.g., doctor)

273
399/275

Having stationary magnet

108
399/276

Sleeve

271
399/273

Unloading (e.g., scraper)

85
399/279

Roller

224
399/286

Details

193
399/285

Having applied bias

239
399/280

Having concentric film

20
399/281

Loading

195
399/282

By magnetic brush

41
399/284

Regulating (e.g., doctor)

349
399/283

Unloading (e.g., scraper)

73
399/288

Web or belt

38
399/294

Cascade

10
399/295

Having electrode

5
399/253

Conditioning of toner

78
399/292

Fluidized bed

26
399/293

Having electrode

9
399/289

Having field curtain

25
399/254

Mixing

275
399/256

Auger

202
399/255

Having new toner

49
399/290

Powder cloud

31
399/291

Having electrode

69
399/257

Purging

98
399/264

Removing excess developer

93
399/258

Supplying new toner

509
399/262

Cartridge

620
399/263

Having internal rotary member

176
399/259

Diverse (e.g., carrier and toner)

47
399/260

Metering (regulating, gate, discharge ports)

272
399/261

Vibration

41
399/237

Liquid development

323
399/239

Application member (e.g., roller, belt)

137
399/240

Having applied bias

84
399/251

Drying (e.g., warming, heating)

63
399/238

Having dispensing

98
399/241

Having electrode

62
399/243

Flexible

7
399/244

Screen

11
399/245

Self-cleaning

20
399/242

Sequential

15
399/248

Immersion

18
399/250

Liquid carrier condensation

47
399/249

Removing excess developer (e.g., squeegee)

244
399/246

Sprayed

38
399/247

Fountain

27
399/223

Plural diverse (e.g., color)

316
399/224

Adding toner

39
399/233

Liquid

85
399/226

Plural applicators single position

74
399/227

Rotary type

257
399/228

Selectively active

126
399/230

By diverting toner

13
399/229

By magnetic means

20
399/225

Single applicator

25
399/231

Toner images overlapped

88
399/232

Opposite polarity

58
399/158

Display of developed image

27
399/177

Exposure

53
399/193

Binding offset

22
399/194

Composite

62
399/219

Fiber optics

41
399/178

Formation of color separation images

160
399/180

Having halftone screen

32
399/179

To plural photoconductive members

33
399/217

Full frame exposure (entire original at once)

11
399/195

Generating paper feed signal

32
399/181

Halftone image

55
399/182

Having image editing

43
399/186

Details of erase light

41
399/187

Edge or interframe erase

75
399/188

Copy blank leading edge

7
399/189

Cover position

12
399/192

Side edge lamps

7
399/191

Using exposure light

16
399/190

Variable size

23
399/183

Selectable area

71
399/184

Color

79
399/185

Touch pad

20
399/205

Having reference position (relative positioning)

41
399/218

Lens

51
399/220

Light source

121
399/221

Modifier (e.g., reflector, filter)

109
399/203

Selective or convertible

64
399/206

Slit exposure

104
399/215

By conveying original

20
399/216

By pivoting mirror

33
399/210

Damping or braking

34
399/207

Diaphragm, shutter, shading board

45
399/213

Movable platen

72
399/214

Lock or clamp

11
399/211

Scanning carriage parallel to original

108
399/212

Having half-rate carriage

37
399/208

Speed or acceleration control

75
399/209

Variable scanning (e.g., length)

49
399/204

Two-up copying

27
399/196

Variable magnification

106
399/199

Additional lens

15
399/198

Exposure adjustment

22
399/197

Having calculation

39
399/200

Having scanning modification

71
399/201

Lens positioning

43
399/202

Mirror or scanning carriage positioning

51
399/320

Fixing (e.g., fusing)

215
399/328

By heat and pressure

731
399/329

Continuous web

501
399/330

Heated roller

477
399/334

Axial heat distribution

108
399/333

Composition or layers

424
399/331

Pressure rollers

206
399/332

Cyclically (e.g., with movement of copy)

38
399/335

By heat

230
399/338

Contact

45
399/336

Radiant, infrared, or microwave

130
399/337

Coordinated with sheet movement

24
399/339

By pressure (without heat)

86
399/340

By solvent

21
399/327

Cleaning of fixing member

174
399/321

Color

40
399/322

Having copy-handling during fixing

163
399/323

Stripping

151
399/341

Having treatment of image

146
399/342

Lamination

32
399/324

Offset prevention

161
399/325

Parting agent applicator

239
399/326

Cleaning member

52
399/139

Formation of master, photocopy-printer

40
399/133

Having layer separation (e.g., manifold imaging)

8
399/156

Having modification of latent image

37
399/157

To produce outline image

11
399/147

Having overlayer

26
399/134

Having photoconductive toner

8
399/155

Having reciprocating imaging member

22
399/154

Having transfer of latent image

33
399/135

Ion modulation (e.g., screen)

66
399/138

Operator adjusted density

96
399/137

Optical intermediate storage of original image

21
399/159

Photoconductive member

840
399/162

Belt

199
399/165

Alignment or tensioning

164
399/164

Having backing support

89
399/163

Having nonuniform motion

9
399/167

Drive apparatus

477
399/166

Plate

20
399/161

Renewable layer

42
399/160

Selection of image frame area

44
399/131

Photoelectrophoretic

46
399/145

Plural copies from same latent image

45
399/144

Reader-printer

52
399/143

Selectively positive or negative

44
399/153

Simultaneous charging and exposure

37
399/152

Simultaneous exposure and development

22
399/136

Simultaneously with charge transfer

14
399/132

Thermoplastic deformation

14
399/140

To produce microimage

35
399/141

Film process head

13
399/142

Development

17
399/297

Transfer

299
399/308

By intermediate transfer member

476
399/309

To produce duplex

106
399/318

By pressure

123
399/298

Color

157
399/302

By intermediate transfer member

773
399/303

Copy medium carrier (e.g., drum or belt)

321
399/304

Having gripper

33
399/305

Vacuum or pneumatic

46
399/300

From multiple positions

39
399/299

From plural photoconductive members (e.g., drums)

296
399/301

Registration

345
399/310

Electrostatic

118
399/311

Corona

71
399/312

Having belt transporting copy

76
399/314

Having applied bias

182
399/316

Having copy medium guide

140
399/317

Retractable

52
399/315

Having discharger (e.g., separation)

141
399/313

Roller or belt

347
399/306

From plural photoconductive members (e.g., duplex)

80
399/307

Having simultaneous fixing

151
399/319

Vibration

28
399/296

Treatment of developed image prior to transfer

197
399/91

Internal machine environment

61
399/92

Forced air circulation

293
399/93

Having filtering (e.g., ozone removal)

138
399/97

Humidity

46
399/98

Particle or contaminant control

203
399/102

Seal

122
399/103

Developer seal

249
399/105

Elastic material

85
399/104

Magnetic

87
399/106

Toner cartridge

277
399/99

Toner removal

121
399/100

Charging member (e.g., corona wire)

158
399/101

Transfer member

251
399/94

Temperature

105
399/96

Photoconductive member

31
399/95

Platen

12
399/75

Machine operation

147
399/79

Accounting

151
399/80

User access

91
399/90

Electrical connection

281
399/88

Having power supply

267
399/89

Supplying power to charger

91
399/82

Job mode

422
399/83

Having memory

134
399/85

Having mode change

228
399/86

Auto copy size or magnification

83
399/87

Having priority interrupt

96
399/84

Key sheet

66
399/81

Operator interface (e.g., display control panel)

564
399/76

Sequential control

75
399/77

Programmed

151
399/78

Reference signal (e.g., pulse train)

56
399/411

Miscellaneous

45
399/8

Remote monitoring

345
399/127

Supplemental electrophotographic process

52
399/128

Exposure or charging (e.g., fatigue treatment)

135
399/129

Of residual toner

65
 
 
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