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Class Information
Number: 208
Name: Mineral oils: processes and products >
Description: This class includes:


Class Number Class Name No. of Patents
208/39

Asphalts, tars, pitches and resins; making, treating and recovery

258
208/40

By chemical conversion of oil

111
208/41

By distillation

49
208/42

Tar feed

29
208/43

By contact with hot gases

16
208/44

Chemical modification of asphalt, tar, pitch or resin

287
208/45

Solvent extraction

177
208/DIG.1

Automatic control

213
208/400

By treatment of solid mineral, e.g., coal liquefaction, etc.

97
208/403

Chemical modification of solids before hydrogenation

66
208/401

Including a test or measurement

35
208/426

Including agglomeration, comminution or size-classification of solids

134
208/427

Including burning of feed or product

259
208/415

Including contact of feed with liquid produced in the process, i.e., recycle

130
208/418

Including contact with hydrogen gas

127
208/417

Recycle of bottoms (resid)

90
208/416

With discrete hydrogenation of recycle stream

86
208/428

Including contact with extraneous additive other than hydrogen, e.g., solvent, etc.

147
208/434

Additive is petroleum or fraction from petroleum refining

96
208/435

Additive is specified catalyst or liquid solvent or dispersant

235
208/430

Contact with additive, followed by chemical conversion

111
208/429

Distinct addition zones

63
208/433

Simultaneous treatment with gaseous additive and liquid solvent

77
208/431

Specified hydrogen-donor solvent

112
208/432

With specified circulation procedure in contact zone

52
208/412

Plural hydrogenation steps

92
208/413

Solid catalyst in at least one step

106
208/407

Specified agitation or circulation in gas contact zone

78
208/408

Gas includes hydrogen

113
208/411

Using solid heat carrier

84
208/409

Vertical gas upflow, e.g., fluidization, etc.

94
208/410

Using solid heat carrier

80
208/424

Specified procedure to improve separation of solids from liquid product

160
208/425

Including centrifugation, filtering, flotation or vibration

100
208/402

Using electrical, magnetic or wave energy

45
208/404

Using molten additive, e.g., heat carrier, etc.

18
208/405

Molten catalyst

10
208/406

Halide-containing

18
208/419

Using specifically added catalyst during hydrogenation

130
208/421

Containing group vi transition metal

107
208/422

And group viii metal

145
208/423

Containing group viii metal

129
208/420

Dissolved or suspended-thermally-decomposable catalyst, component or precursor

72
208/414

With hydrogen production from water

103
208/46

Chemical conversion of hydrocarbons

259
208/106

Cracking

289
208/113

Catalytic

954
208/115

Halogen containing catalyst

33
208/116

Metal halide

21
208/117

Group iii metal halide

26
208/121

Metal or metal oxide containing catalyst

195
208/122

Group iii metal or oxide

82
208/123

With group vi metal or oxide

41
208/124

With group viii metal or oxide

76
208/114

Phosphorus, boron or nitrogen containing catalyst

178
208/118

Silica or silicate containing catalyst

152
208/119

With metal or metal oxide

93
208/120.01

With group iii metal, rare earth metal, or metal oxide (i.e., sc, y, al, ga, in, tl, metal of atomic number 57-71 or oxide thereof)

504
208/120.15

With group i metal or metal oxide (i.e., alkali metal, ag, au, cu, or oxide thereof)

281
208/120.25

With group ii metal or metal oxide (i.e., alkaline earth metal, be, mg, zn, cd, hg, or oxide thereof)

203
208/120.1

With group iv metal or metal oxide (i.e., ti, zr, hf, ge, sn, pb, or oxide thereof)

200
208/120.2

With group v metal or metal oxide (i.e., v, nb, ta, as, sb, bi, or oxide thereof)

133
208/120.3

With group vi metal or metal oxide (i.e., cr, mo, w, po, or oxide thereof)

87
208/120.05

With group vii metal or metal oxide (i.e., mn, tc, re, or oxide thereof)

90
208/120.35

With group viii metal or metal oxide (i.e., iron or platinum group metal, or oxide thereof)

243
208/107

Hydrogenative

177
208/108

Catalytic

523
208/112

Metal or metal oxide catalyst

421
208/109

Silica or silicate containing catalyst

108
208/110

With metal or metal oxide

135
208/111.01

With group iii metal, rare earth metal, or metal oxide (i.e., sc, y, al, ga, ln, tl, metal of atomic number 57-71, or oxide thereof)

217
208/111.15

With group i metal or metal oxide (i.e., alkali metal, ag, au, cu, or oxide thereof)

302
208/111.25

With group ii metal or metal oxide (i.e., alkaline earth metal, be, mg, zn, cd, hg, or oxide thereof)

148
208/111.1

With group iv metal or metal oxide (i.e., ti, zr, hf, ge, sn, pb, or oxide thereof)

155
208/111.2

With group v metal or metal oxide (i.e., v, nb, ta, as, sb, bi, or oxide thereof)

60
208/111.3

With group vi metal or metal oxide (i.e., cr, mo, w, po, or oxide thereof)

404
208/111.05

With group vii metal or metal oxide (i.e., mn, tc, re, or oxide thereof)

57
208/111.35

With group viii metal or metal oxide (i.e., iron, or platinum group metal, or oxide thereof)

639
208/131

Soaking

268
208/132

With heating in tubular confined stream

130
208/125

With nonreactive material

78
208/126

Solids

75
208/127

Suspension system

208
208/128

Vapors

30
208/129

Combustion gases

29
208/130

Steam

183
208/142

Hydrogenation (saturation)

79
208/143

Catalytic

424
208/144

Feed of specific composition

153
208/145

With added source of hydrogen (includes hydrogen donor)

71
208/78

Plural parallel stages of chemical conversion

165
208/79

At least one stage is reforming

81
208/80

Split feed

137
208/49

Plural serial stages of chemical conversion

136
208/50

Coking in at least one stage

162
208/53

First stage is coking

29
208/54

Second stage is cracking

16
208/55

Catalytic cracking

19
208/52R

With both catalytic and thermal cracking

13
208/52CT

Catalyst treatment to remove metal contaminants

200
208/51

With reforming

11
208/57

First stage is an hydrogenation (saturation)

178
208/58

First stage is hydrocracking (includes hydro-desulfurization under cracking conditions)

338
208/59

Hydrocracking in all stages

304
208/60

With subsequent reforming

77
208/61

With subsequent thermal or catalytic cracking

111
208/62

First stage is reforming

71
208/66

Catalytic

77
208/63

Reforming in all stages

54
208/64

Catalyst in at least one stage

118
208/65

Noble metal containing catalyst

157
208/67

First stage is thermal or catalytic cracking

125
208/72

Cracking in all stages

86
208/73

Catalyst in at least one stage

43
208/74

Catalyst in multiple stages

105
208/76

With cracking of the first stage bottoms

32
208/77

With cracking of the first stage intermediate fraction

42
208/75

With cracking of total product from first stage

57
208/68

With subsequent hydrocracking

58
208/71

With subsequent polymerization

40
208/69

With subsequent reforming

18
208/70

Catalytic reforming

50
208/56

Hydrogen donor diluent cyclic processes

68
208/133

Reforming (includes dehydrogenation, isomerization, cyclization, aromatization, alkylation, dealkylation reactions)

107
208/134

Catalytic

359
208/141

Feed of specific composition

79
208/135

With group iii metal or metal oxide containing catalyst

319
208/136

With group vi metal or metal oxide

110
208/137

With group viii metal or metal oxide

214
208/138

Noble metal or oxide thereof

441
208/139

With halogen containing additive

397
208/140

With recovery or reactivation of catalyst

163
208/146

Solids contacting and mixing

113
208/148

Combined gravitating bed and suspension zones

23
208/165

Gravitating compact beds

43
208/166

Liquid feeding

24
208/167

Solids curtain type

10
208/169

Plural zones of similar function (same chamber)

28
208/172

Preheating or quenching with solids

5
208/170

Size stratification prevention

1
208/173

Solids transferring

31
208/174

By pneumatic lifting

18
208/175

Compact type

7
208/168

Solids-vapor disengagement

18
208/171

Uniform solids withdrawal

19
208/150

Purging

59
208/151

Plural stages

42
208/147

Separate contiguous, dissimilar function, contacting zones

16
208/176

Solids moving processes

37
208/149

Solids of dissimilar composition

74
208/152

Solids replenishment, or selective discard

102
208/153

Suspension system

219
208/163

Fluidized dense bed

60
208/164

Solids transferring

385
208/157

Liquid feed

149
208/155

Plural zones of similar function

73
208/156

Solids and contacting fluids are both in series

27
208/161

Separation of entrained fines from effluents

172
208/162

In presence of a liquid

30
208/154

Start-up and shut down procedures

21
208/158

With augmented turbulence (in addition to normal mixing in bed)

41
208/159

With temperature regulation

78
208/160

By solids circulation to external heat exchange and return to same zone

52
208/81

With contacting vapor porducts with liquid feed (i.e., product scrubbing and feed stripping)

22
208/82

Only selected fractions of product or feed are contacted

15
208/84

With added material (to scrubbing-stripping stage)

10
208/83

With subsequent fractionation

15
208/85

With preliminary treatment of feed

72
208/86

Deasphalting

115
208/92

Distillation

119
208/94

Plural stages of distillation

28
208/93

With blending of products of distillation with each other or with converted products

82
208/88

Refining

87
208/90

With acids

9
208/89

With hydrogen

476
208/91

With solid absorbents

96
208/87

Solvent extraction

126
208/47

With prevention of corrosion or erosion in system

171
208/48R

With prevention or removal of deleterious carbon accumulations or equipment

309
208/48AA

Antifoulant additive

343
208/48Q

Quench

109
208/95

With subsequent treatment of products

109
208/97

Refining

210
208/98

With acids

7
208/99

With solid adsorbents

50
208/100

Separation of vapors and liquid products

138
208/101

With absorption with liquid

43
208/102

With additional separation of liquid products from primary separation zone

91
208/103

With additional separation of vapor products

70
208/105

With condensation of second stage vapors

26
208/104

With distillation of second stage liquid

32
208/96

Solvent extraction

118
208/12

Colorng treatments (includes fluorescence)

31
208/308

Fractionation

78
208/310R

Adsorption

79
208/310Z

Zeolite adsorbent

167
208/309

Deasphalting

196
208/347

Distillation

81
208/368

Condensatin by direct heat exchange

12
208/360

Filming

5
208/361

Flash vaporization

27
208/364

Plural stages of vaporization

27
208/365

With heat recovery by indirect heat exchange

30
208/350

Rectification

33
208/351

C1-c4 alkane removal

47
208/352

Flash vaporizaton

18
208/354

Plural or combined with additional distillation

47
208/355

With product recycle between distillation zones

53
208/357

Vacuum or pressure

31
208/356

With added gas or vapor (e.g., steam)

51
208/353

With heat recovery by indirect heat exchange

36
208/358

With liquid product recycle to rectification zone

35
208/359

Spraying

6
208/366

Vacuum or pressure

34
208/369

Volatile treatment other than condensation

10
208/362

With added gas or vapor

25
208/363

Steam

23
208/367

With agitation of distilland

4
208/348

With nonvapor compound added prior to or during vaporization

81
208/349

With nonvaporization treatment of liquid condensate or residue

22
208/311

Liquid extraction with solvents

83
208/317

Counter current multistage extraction

21
208/313

Extractive distillation

60
208/338

Liquid sulfur dioxide

4
208/339

Liquid-liquid contacting

19
208/322

Organic solvent containing

46
208/336

Halogen containing

3
208/325

Heterocyclic

15
208/327

Furfural and derivatives

21
208/326

Hetero-n-containing

46
208/337

Hydrocarbon

27
208/330

Nitrogen-containing solvent

22
208/331

Amino compound

5
208/328

Nonoxo carbonylic

1
208/329

Carboxylic esters

5
208/332

Oxo compound containing

13
208/333

Oxy compound

23
208/335

Aromatic

13
208/334

Ethers

17
208/323

With added solvent or solvent modifier

44
208/324

Inorganic

10
208/314

Plural stages with different oil miscible solvents

28
208/316

Difference is mere change in proportions of solvents

5
208/315

With recycle of product of later extraction to earlier extraction stage

12
208/312

With blending of separated fractions with each other or with feed

16
208/319

With pressure variation

7
208/318

With recycle of oil

7
208/321

With solvent rehabilitation

97
208/320

With temperature gradient in extraction zone or between extraction zones

17
208/340

Recovery of mineral oil from natural or converted gases

34
208/341

By absorption and vaporization

40
208/346

Absorption stage is under pressure

2
208/343

Indirect heat exchange between lean and rich absorbent

9
208/344

Plural absorption stages

4
208/345

At least one stage is under pressure

1
208/342

With fractional condensation prior to absorption

11
208/370

Miscellaneous

70
208/DIG.2

Molecular sieve

31
208/3

Oxidation of mineral oils

44
208/4

To form asphalts, tars or pitches

27
208/5

In presence of soild contact material

14
208/6

Tar, pitch, or asphalt feed

34
208/7

With cracking

6
208/24

Paraffin wax; treatment or recovery

47
208/27

Chemical treatment (refining or modification except mere solvent extraction)

199
208/28

Separation of paraffin from oil (e.g., dewaxing)

83
208/37

Chilling

39
208/38

With filtering

36
208/29

Emulsion dewaxing

6
208/30

Separation of residual oil from wax (i.e., deoiling)

16
208/32

Sweating

7
208/31

With solvent

29
208/33

Solvent dewaxing

125
208/35

With chilling by evaporation of solvent

23
208/34

With deasphalting treatment

7
208/36

With nondewaxing solvent extraction of oil

12
208/26

With sorption agents

5
208/25

With ureas

11
208/2

Phenolic or toxic oils

8
208/950

Processing of "fischer-tropsch" crude

134
208/14

Products and compositions

168
208/22

Asphalts, tars, pitches and resins

227
208/23

Admixtures

63
208/15

Fuels

166
208/16

Gasolines

71
208/17

Admixtures

72
208/18

Lubricating oils

278
208/19

Admixtures

114
208/20

Waxes

26
208/21

Admixtures

19
208/177

Refining

141
208/255

Gum or gum former removal

67
208/256

With acid

9
208/257

With metal or metal compound

9
208/258

Alkali metal

3
208/259

Alkali or alkali earth metal compound (except clays)

8
208/260

Clay type or alumina

15
208/261

Vapor phase treatment

1
208/262.1

Halogen contaminant removal

145
208/262.5

Polychorinated biphenyl (pcb)

147
208/251R

Metal contaminant removal

373
208/251H

Employing hydrogen

493
208/252

With acid

66
208/253

With metal or metal compound

148
208/254R

Nitrogen contaminant removal

165
208/254H

Employing hydrogen

505
208/263

Organic acid or phenol contaminant removal

99
208/179

Purifying used oil

142
208/184

Distillation or degassing

95
208/185

With gaseous treating agent

26
208/186

With solid-liquid separation

30
208/181

Plural treating agents (sequential or simultaneous)

68
208/182

One is a solid contact material

45
208/183

With acid or alkali

35
208/180

With added organic material

89
208/208R

Sulfur removal (free or combined sulfur)

277
208/250

Solids contacting and mixing

24
208/218

Split treatment

49
208/208M

Using free alkali metal

13
208/219

With acids

33
208/223

Inorganic acid

23
208/225

Hydrochloric acid

5
208/224

Sulfuric acid

16
208/220

Plural stages of sulfur removal

14
208/221

With preliminary treatment of feed

17
208/222

With subsequent treatment of product

26
208/226

With alkali or alkali earth metal compound (except clays)

72
208/230

Alkali metal compound

75
208/231

With added oxygen containing organic compound

8
208/232

Alcohol containing

15
208/233

With other organic compound

4
208/234

With regeneration of treating agent

7
208/235

With regeneration of treating agent

45
208/227

Plural stages of sulfur removal

20
208/228

With preliminary treatment of feed

17
208/229

With subsequent treatment of product

22
208/241

With free halogen or nonmetal halide containing reagent

5
208/246

With group ib metal or compound

46
208/247

With group iib metal or compound

66
208/248

With group iii metal or compound

40
208/249

With group iv, v, vii metal or compound

56
208/243

With group vi metal or compound

59
208/244

With group viii metal or compound

115
208/209

With hydrogen

172
208/210

Plural stage treatments with hydrogen

269
208/211

With preliminary treatment of feed

208
208/213

With solid catalyst or absorbent

431
208/216R

With group vi metal or compound

558
208/216PP

With specific porosity or pore volume

274
208/217

With group viii metal or compound

355
208/215

With heavy metal sulfide

90
208/214

With hydrogen yielding material (h donor)

23
208/212

With subsequent treatment of product

213
208/236

With nitrogen containing treating reagent

90
208/237

With organic reagent

73
208/239

Heavy metal soap containing

2
208/238

Hydrocarbon containing

37
208/240

Oxygen containing

61
208/245

With silicon or compound thereof

36
208/242

With sulfur oxides

10
208/189

Sweetening

82
208/207

Nitrogen containing compound

98
208/203

With alkali metal hydroxide or carbonate

49
208/206

With added nitrogen containing compound

80
208/204

With added oxygen containing organic compound

16
208/205

Acyclic alcohol

6
208/191

With copper compounds

15
208/195

Copper chloride and free oxygen containing gas

1
208/192

With preliminary treatment of oil

7
208/193

With subsequent treatment of the sweet oil

2
208/194

Separation or recovery of copper compound

0
208/190

With hypochlorites

4
208/197

With lead compounds

1
208/198

Lead sulfide

0
208/199

Sodium plumbite

1
208/200

With preliminary treatment of the oil

1
208/201

With subsequent treatment of the sweet oil

1
208/202

Organic treating agent

3
208/196

With peroxides

24
208/187

Water removal (dehydration)

118
208/188

With treating agent

181
208/265

With acids

23
208/280

Halogen containing acid

8
208/281

Hydrochloric acid

12
208/282

Organic acid

27
208/279

Phosphorus containing acid

7
208/266

Sulfuric acid

15
208/270

Plural stages of acid treatment

2
208/269

Split treatment

1
208/268

White oil making

6
208/267

With fluid rotation or agitation

1
208/276

With nonwater additive

0
208/277

Organic compound

0
208/278

Solid contact material

0
208/271

With preliminary treatment of the oil

5
208/272

Fractionation

0
208/273

With subsequent treatment of the oil

7
208/274

Organic treating agent

1
208/275

Solid absorbent

2
208/283

With alkali or alkali earth metal compound (except clays)

28
208/284

Alkali metal compound

32
208/288

With added material

10
208/285

With preliminary treatment of the oil

4
208/287

With solid carrier

5
208/286

With subsequent treatment of the oil

11
208/292

With boron, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony or bismuth containing treating agent

8
208/294

With free metal

8
208/296

With group ib or iib metal compound

20
208/297

With group iii metal compound (except clays)

18
208/295

With group iv, v, vi, vii or viii metal compound

48
208/264

With hydrogen

118
208/298

With liquid treating agent (includes slurries of solids)

8
208/289

With nitrogen containing compound

54
208/290

With organic compound

30
208/291

Oxygen containing

43
208/178

With reagent feed control

6
208/299

With solid catalyst or absorbent

155
208/306

Composite or plural treating agents

12
208/300

Of particular physical shape or structure

21
208/303

Plural treating stages

30
208/304

Processes including downward movement of particles

8
208/307

Silicon or carbon containing treating agent

59
208/305

Solids rehabilitation

57
208/301

With preliminary treatment of the oil

44
208/302

With subsequent treatment of the oil

37
208/293

With sulfur containing treating agent

22
208/952

Solid feed treatment under supercritical conditions

56
208/951

Solid feed treatment with a gas other than air, hydrogen or steam

93
208/1

Synthetic drying oils

0
208/390

Tar sand treatment with liquid

203
208/391

Inorganic (only) liquid

161
208/13

Treatment of refining sludge

113
 
 
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