Ac plus dc

Apparatus (204/193)

Electrolytic (204/194)

Analysis and testing (204/400)

Apparatus

Apparatus for electrical (including simultaneous electrical and magnetic) separation or purification of liquid or magnetic treatment of liquid (other than separation)

Concentric electrodes

Cylindrical or annular

Parallel plate-type electrodes

Vertical flat plates

Plural separate treatment chambers or zones

Porous, perforated, or grid electrode

Probe type

With control means responsive to sensed condition

Liquid level sensing means

With filter (e.g., electrostatic filter, etc.)

With magnetic separating means

With moving or movable electrode

Rotating or rotatable

With programmed, cyclic, or time responsive control means

Coating, forming or etching by sputtering

Coating

Ion beam sputter deposition

Ion plating

Magnetically enhanced

Flux passes through target surface

Cylindrical or curved magnetron target

Moving magnetic field or target

Focusing target (e.g., conical target, plural inclined targets, etc.)

Planar magnetron

Moving magnetic field or target

Measuring, analyzing or testing

Moving workpiece or target

Indeterminate length moving workpiece

Multi-chamber (e.g., including air lock, load/unload chamber, etc.)

Oscillatory movement

Plural diverse treatment stations, zones, or coating material source within single chamber

Plural modes of movement (e.g., planetary, epicyclic, etc.)

Rotational movement

Specified anode particulars

Specified cooling or heating

Specified gas feed or withdrawal

Specified mask, shield or shutter

Specified power supply or matching network

Specified target particulars

Target composition

Specified work holder

Triode, tetrode, auxiliary electrode or biased workpiece

Etching

Auxiliary electrode, bias means or specified power supply

Beam or directed flux etching (e.g., ion beam, etc.)

Magnetically enhanced

Measuring, analyzing or testing

Microwave excitation

Multi-chamber, load/unload means or moving workpiece

Plural parallel plates (e.g., desmearing reactor, etc.)

Specified gas feed or withdrawal

Electrolytic

Analysis and testing

Biological material (e.g., microbe, enzyme, antigen, etc.) analyzed, tested, or included in apparatus

Disposable apparatus or apparatus having removable section (e.g., removable cartridge, etc.)

Enzyme included in apparatus

With semipermeable membrane

Plural measuring sections or zones

Electrode containing free carbon

Enzyme included in apparatus

With semipermeable membrane

And microelectrode (i.e., at least one electrode dimension is less than 500 microns)

Enzyme included in apparatus

Glucose oxidase

With diverse enzyme or catalyst (e.g., bienzyme or coenzyme system, glucose oxidase with pt catalyst, etc.)

For blocking passage of macromolecules (molecular weight greater than or equal to 8,000)

Enzyme included in apparatus

Lipid included in apparatus

Corrosion

Fault testing of sensor or component

Gas sensing electrode

With gas diffusion electrode

Gel electrolyte

Involving plating, coating or stripping

Ion-sensitive electrode

Inorganic membrane

Glass ion-selective membrane

Liquid ion-exchanger

Organic membrane

Liquid electrode, e.g., hg, na, etc.

Measuring carbon or ph

Moisture absorbing electrolyte

Regeneration or activation

Selectively permeable membrane

Solid electrolyte

Gas sample sensor

Planar electrode surface

With gas reference material

With protective element

Protective element is a layer

With impressed current means

Liquid sample sensor

With fugitive protective element

Standard reference electrode

Three or more electrodes

Titration

With means for temperature or pressure compensation

With means providing specified-flow condition or flow-path

Solid electrolyte means

Three or more electrodes

With significant display or analytical device

With significant electrical circuitry or nominal computer device

Cells with base treatment means

Cells with electrolyte treatment means

Leacher, dissolver or extractor

Recirculation

With filter

With heater or cooler

Recirculation

With filter

With heater or cooler

With filter

With heater or cooler

Cells

Concentrically arranged electrodes

Diaphragm type

Basket-type electrode

Concentrically arranged electrodes

Plural cells

Bipolar electrode

With feeding and/or withdrawal means

Gas

With feeding and/or withdrawal means

Gas

With agitator

With feeding and/or withdrawal means

And filter

Gas feeding

Gas withdrawal

With heater or cooler

Fused bath

Plural cells

Refractory hard material (rhm) containing electrode

With cell lining or coating

Thermal effect compensating means

With feeding and/or withdrawal means

Gas feeding

Gas withdrawal

With magnetic field effect compensating means

With means for cleaning electrode element

Internal battery

Filter or loose electrode type

Liquid electrode

Diaphragm type

Plural cells

Bipolar electrode

With feeding and/or withdrawal means

Gas

Portable

With agitator

With feeding and/or withdrawal means

And filter

Gas feeding

Gas withdrawal

Parallel plate type electrodes

With heater or cooler

Elements

Diaphragms

Organic

Electrode support or work holder

Float or buoyant support

Hook or loop

Including resilient means (e.g., spring, etc.)

Including threaded connector

Magnetic support

Mask for workpiece

Vacuum support

Workpiece rack

Adjustable

Including resilient means (e.g., spring, etc.)

Mechanized

Grid or grating

Including resilient means (e.g., spring, etc.)

Including threaded connector

Porous enclosure

Electrodes

Composition

Carbon containing

Metallic

Alloys

Electroforming molds or strips plates

Laminated or coated (i.e., composite having two or more layers)

Actinide series element (i.e., ac, th, pa, u, np, pu, am, cm, bk, cf, es, fm, md, no, or lr) or compound containing

Free carbon containing

Having three or more layers

Noble metal (i.e., ru, rh, pd, os, ir, pt, ag, or au) or compound containing

Plural metal oxides containing

Organic compound containing

And free carbon containing

And noble metal (i.e., ru, rh, pd, os, ir, pt, ag, or au) or compound containing

Rare earth metal (i.e., sc, y, la, ce, pr, nd, pm, sm, eu, gd, tb, dy, ho, er, tm, yb, or lu) or compound containing

Noble metal (i.e., ru, rh, pd, os, ir, pt, ag, or au) or compound containing

Organic compound containing

Rare earth metal (i.e., sc, y, la, ce, pr, nd, pm, sm, eu, gd, tb, dy, ho, er, tm, yb, or lu) or compound containing

Refractory metal (i.e., ti, v, cr, zr, nb or cb, mo, hf, ta, or w) or compound containing

Surface layer contains electrolytically exposed refractory metal or compound

Perforated or foraminous

Work holder

With diaphragm

Perforated or foraminous electrode

With electrode supporting means

And additional electrical conductor of diverse material

And dielectric gasket or spacer

Electrodes with lateral extensions

Hook or loop

Including resilient means (e.g., spring, etc.)

Including threaded connector

Having wedge or tapered tightening means

Work container

With lateral extensions

Object protection

Alternative energy supply (e.g., solar panel, thermoelectric or piezoelectric power supply, etc.)

Anode contains precious metal or free carbon

Earth grounded object or protection means

Flexible cable, chain, or wire anode or support

Plural anode sections on single cable, chain, or wire

Helically wound

Internal battery

Anode contains aluminum

And magnesium

And zinc

Anode moving relative to object

Copper and zinc electrically coupled or alloyed into one or more electrodes

Earth grounded object or protection means

Flexible cable, chain, or wire anode or support

Resistor or impedance in series between anode and object

Rigid anode with rigid support

More than half of anode is or has coating, covering, or shield

Dielectric coating, covering, or shield

With bypass means

With fluid filter

With fluid inlet or outlet means used or protected

Dielectric coating, casing, or section

Magnetic mounting means

Plural cells used or protected

Resistor or impedance in series between power supply and object

Rigid anode with rigid support

Threaded coupling for rigid anode or rigid support

Dielectric thread

Rotating electrode

Vessel protected (e.g., steam boiler, etc.)

With control means responsive to sensed condition

And programmed, cyclic, or time responsive control means

Internal battery

With gas or vapor removing or treating means

With measuring, testing, or sensing means

Internal battery

With programmed, cyclic, or time responsive control means

With current, voltage, or power control means responsive to sensed condition

And programmed, cyclic, or time responsive control means

For controlling waveform supplied to working electrode

Electrolyte property sensing means (e.g., temperature, concentration, ph, conductivity, etc.)

Fluid flow sensing means

Fluid level sensing means

Fluid pressure sensing means

Gaseous fluid

Having auxiliary electrode

Reference electrode as or with auxiliary electrode

Workpiece presence, position, or movement sensing means

Workpiece property sensing means (e.g., mass, coating thickness, etc.)

With current, voltage, or power control means

For controlling waveform

For inhibiting short circuits

Having auxiliary electrode

Having specified circuit details

Mechanical

Switch or connector

With means for measuring, testing, or sensing current, voltage, or power

Having auxiliary electrode

Reference electrode as or with auxiliary electrode

With movable electrode means

Continuous strip or filament electrode

With base treatment

Heat treatment means

Mechanical working

Stripping

With current control

Electrode feeding or withdrawal means

With base treatment

Electrode oscillator, reciprocator or agitator

With current control

Liquid electrode

With electrode recirculation means

With oscillator, reciprocator or agitator

Localized area applicators

Electrochemical machining

Rotary

Barrels and rotary receptacles

Swinging or tilting receptacles

With base treatment

Mechanical working

Stripping

With current control

Work conveyer

Endless

With base treatment

With current control

With current control

Rotary

Loose article

With base treatment

With programmed, cyclic, or time responsive current, voltage, or power control means

For controlling waveform supplied to working electrode

For simultaneously reversing polarity of working and counter electrodes

Having specified circuit details

Electrophoretic or electro-osmotic apparatus

Absorbent strip (e.g., cellulose acetate, paper strip, etc.) type

Movable strip

Barrier separator (e.g., electrodialyzer, etc.)

Cylindrical barrier (e.g., filter, membrane, etc.)

Ion selective

And ion exchange material (e.g., suspended ion exchange resin particles, etc.)

And nonion selective membrane

Both anion and cation selective membranes

Alternating anion and cation selective membranes

Tortuous path-type frame or membrane spacer

With foraminous or perforated membrane support or spacer (e.g., screen, perforated plate, fabric, etc.)

With bipolar membrane

With foraminous or perforated membrane support or spacer (e.g., screen, perforated plate, fabric, etc.)

With control means responsive to sensed condition

With foraminous or perforated membrane support or spacer (e.g., screen, perforated plate, fabric, etc.)

With moving or movable electrode

Bulk separator for solids and liquids (e.g., to dewater solids, clarify water, etc.)

With moving or movable electrode

Capillary electrophoresis type

Gel filled

With control means responsive to sensed condition

With detailed detection system (e.g., including a light source and a camera, etc.)

With injector

Coating or forming means

With means for regeneration or replenishment of coating bath or electrolyte

With moving or movable electrode

And means for posttreatment of coating (e.g., drying, heating, curing, etc.)

Coating interior of object or article (e.g., water main, automobile body, etc.)

Dielectrophoretic (i.e., uses nonuniform electric field)

Gel electrophoresis type

Isoelectric focusing (i.e., uses ph variation)

Slab gel

Curved

Vertical or inclined

With gel shaping or molding means (e.g., comb, ribbed insert, gel injectors, etc.)

With gel shaping or molding means (e.g., comb, ribbed insert, gel injectors, etc.)

With liquid heat exchange means to cool gel slab during electrophoresis

Unitary preparation apparatus (e.g., preparative means, etc.)

With control means responsive to sensed condition

With detailed detection system (e.g., including a light source and a camera, etc.)

With means for posttreatment of gel to purify or recover a desired component

Blotter (e.g., membrane, etc.)

With programmed, cyclic, or time responsive control means

Plural rapid changes in direction of electric field (at least 1,000 times total and at more than 1/sec) (e.g., pulsed field, etc.)

Isoelectric focusing (i.e., uses ph variation)

Isotachophoretic (i.e., displacement electrophoretic) or means to measure ion or particle mobility

Particle bed separator (e.g., inert particles, ion exchange beads, etc.)

With moving or movable electrode

Vacuum arc discharge coating

Auxiliary internally generated electrical energy

Current distribution within the bath

Effecting a change in isomerization by wave energy

Effecting a color change by wave energy

Electrochemical machining

Electrolysis cell combined with fuel cell

Magnetic plus electrolytic

Processes and products

Coating, forming or etching by sputtering

Glow discharge sputter deposition (e.g., cathode sputtering, etc.)

Coating inorganic material onto polymeric material

Measuring or testing (e.g., of operating parameters, property of article, etc.)

Specified deposition material or use

Electrical contact material

Ferromagnetic

Insulator or dielectric

Silicon containing

Optical or photoactive

Absorptive

Reflective

Transparent conductor

Piezoelectric

Resistor

Semiconductor

Superconductor

Wear or abrasion resistant

With sputter etching

Ion beam sputter deposition

Sputter etching

Etching specified material

Organic

Silicon containing

Ion beam etching (e.g., ion milling, etc.)

Measuring or testing (e.g., of operating parameters, end point determination, etc.)

Electrical (including simultaneous electrical and magnetic) separation or purification of liquid or magnetic treatment of liquid (other than separation)

Predominantly hydrocarbon

Removing solids

Using cohesive filter or solid packing

With addition of agent to facilitate removal

Resolving emulsion or dispersion

Using interrupted or pulsed direct current field

Using modified alternating current (other than standard 50 hz or 60 hz sine wave) field

Using modifying agent

Dielectric liquid

Gas or vapor

Water

Removing solids

Using cohesive filter or solid packing

Resolving emulsion or dispersion

Using magnetic field

With control responsive to sensed condition

With measuring, testing, or sensing

With simultaneous use of liquid-liquid extraction solvent

Electrical, or wave energy in magnetic field

With discharge

Electrophoresis or electro-osmosis processes and electrolyte compositions therefor when not provided for elsewhere

Absorbent strip electrophoresis (e.g., using cellulose acetate or paper strip, etc.)

Barrier separation (e.g., using membrane, filter paper, etc.)

Biological material prepared, recovered, or treated (e.g., urine, etc.)

Combined with diverse-type separation (e.g., electro-osmotic barrier separation combined with centrifugal separation, etc.)

Ion selective

And using ion exchange material (e.g., suspended particles, etc.)

And using nonion selective membrane

Biological material prepared, recovered, or treated (e.g., urine, etc.)

Combined with manufacture or pretreatment of barrier

Organic material prepared, recovered, or treated

Using anion selective membrane

Using bipolar membrane

Water splitting

Using both anion and cation selective membranes

Alternating anion and cation selective membranes

Acid prepared, recovered, or treated

And using ion exchange material (e.g., suspended particles, etc.)

Biological material prepared, recovered, or treated (e.g., urine, etc.)

Gas or vapor treated

Metal or metal salt recovered or removed

Organic material prepared, recovered, or treated

Regeneration of liquid electrolyte

With prevention of scale buildup or fouling of membrane

And using bipolar membrane

And using ion exchange material (e.g., suspended particles, etc.)

And using nonion selective membrane

Organic material prepared, recovered, or treated

With control responsive to sensed condition

Bulk separation of solids and liquids (e.g., dewatering solids, clarifying water, etc.)

Capillary electrophoresis

Using gel-filled capillary

With adjustment or alteration of electro-osmotic bulk flow

With detailed detection

With injection

Coating or forming of object

Alternating current

Coating interior of object

Continuous movement of substrate through bath

Forming of object

Plural coating operations

Including nonelectrophoretic coating

With heat treatment of a coated layer (e.g., curing, sintering, etc.)

Organic (e.g., curing thermoset resin, etc.)

Using mask

Rubber or vulcanizable gum used to coat or form

Sheet, web, wire, or filament of indeterminant length formed or coated

Using bath having designated chemical composition (dcc)

Anodic processes only

Bath contains carboxyl group

Bath contains shading or coloring agent (e.g., pigment, etc.)

Bath contains surface active agent (e.g., soap or detergent, wetting or emulsifying agent, etc.)

With heat treatment of coating

And washing, rinsing, or drying of coating

With pretreatment of substrate or bath

Bath contains shading or coloring agent, metal oxide, free metal, or free carbon

Cathodic processes only

Bath contains epoxy or epoxide

And separate crosslinking or curing agent

Isocyanate

And shading or coloring agent

Bath contains separate crosslinking or curing agent

With heat treatment of coating

Bath contains epoxy or epoxide

Resultant coating is solely inorganic

With heat treatment of coating

With posttreatment of coating (e.g., heat treatment, washing, drying, etc.)

Using liquid jet

With control responsive to sensed condition

Current sensed

Temperature sensed

With heat treatment of coating

With irradiation or illumination (e.g., for curing, etc.)

With pretreatment of substrate (e.g., cleaning, wetting, etc.)

With regeneration or replenishment of coating bath (e.g., ultrafiltration, ion exchange, measurement followed by addition of concentrated reagent, etc.)

Using filter or membrane

Using ion exchange material

Dielectrophoresis (i.e., using nonuniform electric field)

Gel electrophoresis

Electrolyte composition

Gel composition (other than simple agarose or polyacrylamide)

Including manufacture or preparation (e.g., molding, gelation, etc.)

Isoelectric focusing (i.e., using ph variation)

Preparation in unitary apparatus (e.g., preparative, etc.)

Using slab gel

Vertical or inclined

With analysis or detailed detection

With posttreatment of gel to purify or recover a desired component

Blotting

Destaining

With programmed, cylic, or time responsive control

Plural rapid changes in direction of electric field (at least 1,000 times total and at more than 1/sec) (e.g., pulsed field, etc.)

Hydrocarbon oil separated or purified

Aqueous system

Inorganic siliceous or calcareous material prepared, separated, or treated (e.g., clay, earth, concrete, asbestos, glass, etc.)

Barrier separation (e.g., using membrane, filter paper, etc.)

Ion selective

Ionophoresis

Isoelectric focusing (i.e., using ph variation)

Isotachophoresis (i.e., displacement electrophoresis) or measurement of ion or particle mobility

Solid sorption or desorption

With use of nonelectrical field or force to separate (e.g., magnetic, centrifugal, etc.)

Electrostatic field or electrical discharge

Carbon

Hydrogen peroxide

Nitrogen compounds

Arc or spark discharge

Nitrogen oxides

Organic

Fats, fatty oils, ester type waxes, or higher fatty acids

Hydrocarbons

Cracking hydrocarbon oils

Gaseous

Acetylene

Halogenated or oxidized

Vitamins

Ozone

Sulfur-oxygen compounds

Processes of treating materials by wave energy

At least one carbocyclic ring and only carbon and hydrogen atoms in product produced

Isotope separation or enrichment

Inorganic product produced

Using laser

Process of preparing desired inorganic material

Boron, phosphorous or silicon containing product produced

Carbon containing product produced

Halogen containing product produced

Hydrogen containing product produced

Nitrogen containing product produced

Oxygen containing product produced

Metal oxide or hydrate thereof

Sulfur containing product produced

Using ionizing radiation

Using laser

Using microwave energy

Using sonic or ultrasonic energy

Process or preparing desired organic product containing at least one atom other than carbon and hydrogen

Alcohol product produced

Fused or bridged ring containing

Aldehyde or ketone product produced

Carbohydrate or protein product produced

Carboxylic acid or derivative product produced

Atom other than carbon, hydrogen or oxygen

Oxygen other than as part of a carboxylic acid or derivative moiety

Ether product produced

Halogen product produced

Carbocyclic ring containing

Carbon and halogen only in product

Carbocyclic ring containing

Aryl ring containing

Four or more carbon atoms containing

Two or more diverse halogen atoms containing

Unsaturated product

Unsaturation in aryl ring

Heavy metal product produced

Heterocyclic product produced

Hetero nitrogen containing

Hetero nitrogen ring contains at least two hetero atoms

Hetero sulfur containing

Nitrogen product produced

Carbon triple bonded to nitrogen containing

Halogen containing

Oxygen containing

Nitroso or oxime containing

Halogen containing

Phosphorous product produced

Silicon product produced

Sulfur product produced

Halogen containing

Nitrogen containing

Oxygen containing

Halogen containing

Using ionizing radiation

Carbocyclic ring containing product produced

Nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorous or silicon containing product produced

Using laser

Using sonic or ultrasonic energy

Vitamin product produced

Processes of purifying materials

Organic material purified

Removing a component from normally gaseous mixture

Vacuum arc discharge coating

Production of desired compound by wave energy in presence of a chemically designated nonreactant chemical treating agent (excluding water, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, methylene chloride or benzene)

Heavy metal treating agent

Inorganic chemical treating agent

Metal treating agent

Heavy metal agent

Nitrogen treating agent

Only carbon, hydrogen or halogen atom in treating agent

Oxygen treating agent

Peroxide agent

Phosphorus treating agent

Silicon or boron treating agent

Sulfur treating agent

Purification and treatment of electroplating baths and plating wastes

Unusual non-204 uses of electrolysis

Wave forms