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Class Information
Number: 188
Name: Brakes >
Description: This class includes means for retarding the motion of or stopping machines, including vehicles, both rail and road, and shafts, wheels, pulleys, or other moving mechanisms, by friction, by positive engagement of elements, or by the internal resistance of a fluid or a field of force. Citations from other classes indicating the limits of this class will be found under the various subclass definitions.










Class Number Class Name No. of Patents
 

Elements

 
188/219.1

Beams or beam assemblies

37
188/233.7

H, i, l, t, u, v, or x cross section beam

4
188/225.6

Trussed beam

7
188/228.6

H, i, l, t, u, v, or x cross section compression member

6
188/226.1

Integral tension and compression member

9
188/228.1

Tubular compression member

4
188/229.1

With strut-type fulcrum

4
188/229.6

Reversible

2
188/222.1

With fixed head or thrust block

1
188/222.6

Integral head and beam

4
188/223.1

Trussed beam

5
188/223.6

Head or block held by tension element

0
188/224.1

Tension adjusted by terminal nut

0
188/231

With fulcrum

4
188/232

Reversible

3
188/233

Spaced

0
188/233.3

With guides and/or guards

13
188/219.6

With movable, reversible or adjustable heads

4
188/220.1

Pivoted head

9
188/220.6

Lockingly adjustable

3
188/221.1

Yieldably readjustable

2
188/218R

Brake wheels

108
188/218XL

Disk type

585
188/218A

Dust guard

128
188/264R

Cooling and lubricating

84
188/264A

Air-cooled, axially engaging

133
188/264AA

Auto wheel type

137
188/264CC

Contained coolant

32
188/264W

External wheel covers

7
188/264G

Insulators

97
188/264D

Liquid cool

94
188/264B

Lubrication

55
188/264F

Operating fluid cooling

51
188/264E

Wet friction surface and internal resistance

92
188/264P

With pump

48
188/265

Locks

236
188/234

Shoe fasteners

43
188/237

Combined wheel guards

1
188/249

Flexible shoes

23
188/236

Heads

5
188/242

Interlocking heads and shoes

13
188/246

Clamps

3
188/244

Longitudinal insertion

14
188/243

Longitudinal key

11
188/245

Side insertion

8
188/235

Locomotive type

4
188/238

Multiple shoes

4
188/240

Linear arrangement

2
188/241

Frangible connection

2
188/239

Superposed

2
188/247

Shoe-back lugs

7
188/248

Cast in

2
188/250R

Shoes

46
188/250F

Anchor and operator fittings

36
188/260

Chills

1
188/251R

Composite

83
188/255

Cast metal matrix

9
188/258

Backs

21
188/257

Faces

3
188/256

Nonmetallic inserts

7
188/252

Flanged

6
188/253

Recessed

4
188/259

Flexible

53
188/251A

Materials

270
188/251M

Metallic surfaces

111
188/254

Shells

1
188/250C

Multiple web

22
188/250H

One-piece

20
188/261

Recessed

8
188/262

Rotary

6
188/250B

Shoe construction

243
188/250E

Slotted shoes and vibration dampers

107
188/250G

Surfaces and fasteners

208
188/250A

Transversely expandable

19
188/250D

Web and flange connections

31
188/381

Frictional vibration damper

128
188/DIG.2

Hill holder

44
188/378

Inertia of damping mass dissipates motion (e.g., vibration damper)

418
188/379

Resiliently supported damping mass

245
188/380

Supported by mechanical spring

181
188/266

Internal-resistance motion retarder

62
188/272

Combined with mechanism retarded by brake

27
188/273

Restricting exhaust from engine

61
188/271

Combined with surface-friction brake

69
188/299.1

Controlled by an operator (e.g., vehicle driver) remote from retarder

65
188/322.19

Cylinder structure

205
188/322.2

Having connection for side-mounted valve type

61
188/322.21

Having means for filling or recharging

88
188/267.1

Electroviscous or electrorheological fluid

152
188/297

Having a thrust member with a variable volume chamber (e.g., coaxial or telescoping tubes, compensating reservoir)

82
188/306

Arcuately oscillating thrust member

60
188/308

Causing fluid flow through hub of thrust

8
188/309

With manually adjusted valve in hub

4
188/307

Resilient or radially urged vane

37
188/310

With means for manually adjusting fluid flow

29
188/301

Causing air suction in chamber

7
188/316

Fluid through or around piston within chamber

90
188/317

Via fixed or variable orifice in piston

200
188/318

And passage venting fluid external to chamber

189
188/319.1

Having an orifice adjustment for both jounce or bound (compression) and rebound

71
188/319.2

Orifice size varied using a hand or hand tool

61
188/320

Tortuous path orifice

47
188/298

Forming flexible wall enclosure for fluid

134
188/312

Having piston rod extending through ends of chamber

95
188/302

Rectilinear reciprocation of piston caused by arcuately oscillating frame, shaft, arm, axle, etc.

10
188/304

Dual pistons

17
188/305

Piston reciprocating along axis of oscillation

9
188/303

Pistons reciprocating oppositely in nonaligned cylinders

19
188/313

With valve controlling fluid flow between chambers or compartments of the chamber

134
188/314

With reservoir for fluid

211
188/315

Annular reservoir

274
188/321.11

Including means connecting thrust member to load

147
188/322.12

Including protective shield for retarder

83
188/322.16

Including seal or guide

82
188/322.18

Between piston and cylinder

67
188/322.17

Between piston rod and cylinder

232
188/267.2

Magnetic fluid or material (e.g., powder)

195
188/266.1

Motion damped from condition (e.g., bump, speed change) detected outside of retarder

77
188/266.2

Condition actuates valve or regulator

116
188/266.5

Of the pulsating or reciprocating type

109
188/266.6

Side mounted

96
188/266.3

Of the rotary type

37
188/266.4

Having plural openings

74
188/270

Operating against ambient atmosphere

17
188/266.7

Piezoelectric

39
188/283

Piston having a restrictable opening (e.g., apertured plate) in a fixed volume chamber

21
188/283.1

Vortex flow passages

9
188/284

Position of thrust member relative to chamber

113
188/285

Having a fluid flow passage adjusted manually (e.g., threaded plug, threaded rod, gearing)

123
188/286

Having aperture in chamber wall

42
188/287

Plural, successively encountered apertures

90
188/288

Having varying area of chamber passageway for thrust member

47
188/289

Having varying area of metering rod extending through orifice in thrust member

54
188/280

Relative speed of thrust member or fluid flow

134
188/281

Resistance alters relative to direction of thrust member (e.g., high resistance in one direction, low in the other)

72
188/282.1

Via valved orifice in thrust member

105
188/282.7

Ball-type valve

25
188/282.5

Flexible flap-type valve (e.g., compression washers)

115
188/282.6

Having flow passage, cutout, aperture, slot, etc.

91
188/282.8

Spring-loaded valve

91
188/282.9

Adjusting the tension via (a) compressing or expanding or (b) different strength springs

31
188/282.2

Valve actuated by electrical system

64
188/282.4

System having distinct selections (e.g., hard, medium, soft)

72
188/282.3

System initiated by a pressure change or feedback

51
188/322.22

Thrust member or piston structure

223
188/290

Using a rotary-type fluid damper

272
188/296

Driving radial vanes which cause toroidal flow of brake fluid

119
188/293

Driving relatively moving element which causes flow of brake fluid

45
188/295

Comprising rectilinearly reciprocating piston

16
188/294

With means for regulating movement of element

43
188/292

Gear pump

15
188/291

Including clutch

36
188/269

Using diverse fluids

120
188/267

Using magnetic flux

307
188/322.5

Using viscosity of fluid medium

113
188/268

Using yieldable or fluent solid or semisolid

227
188/322.13

Valve structure or location

176
188/322.14

Foot valve

143
188/322.15

Piston valve detail (e.g., seat design, structural arrangement, metering element)

425
188/266.8

With failure or malfunction detection

41
188/275

With fluid regulated in response to inertia of valve member

70
188/274

With heat exchanger

43
188/276

With means compensating for change in temperature or viscosity

63
188/277

Thermostatic valve type

34
188/278

Manually adjustable

10
188/300

With means for locking parts together temporarily

217
188/382

Miscellaneous

56
 

Operators

 
188/110

Automatic

21
188/134

Differential movement

128
188/135

Momentum

11
188/137

Electric control

9
188/138

Vehicle

19
188/139

Gravity control

17
188/140R

Vehicle

3
188/142

Draft control

6
188/141

Fluid-pressure control

7
188/144

Railway

1
188/147

Train

0
188/149

Drawbar

0
188/150

Speed-responsive

2
188/148

Push rod

2
188/145

Winding

0
188/146

Axle

0
188/140A

Servo brake

5
188/143

Wheel and ground

0
188/136

Wedging shoe

31
 

Vehicle

 
 

Auxiliary mechanism on tongue

 
188/117

Front wheel

1
188/118

Divided beam

0
188/115

Rear wheel

0
188/116

Divided beam

1
188/113

Four-wheel

2
188/132

Horse pull

3
188/114

Hub

4
 

Movable tongue

 
188/122

Front wheel

0
188/123

Divided beam

0
188/120

Rear wheel

0
188/121

Divided beam

0
188/119

Rising and falling

8
 

Railway

 
188/127

Strain release

0
188/124

Train

2
188/125

Drawbar

0
188/126

Speed-responsive

0
188/129

Rise and fall

71
188/130

Rotary

36
188/128

Sled

2
188/112R

Train

131
188/112A

Anti-sway control

37
188/111

Trips

23
188/131

Turning

0
188/156

Electric and mechanical

286
188/157

Electric motor on staff

31
188/158

Electric

224
188/159

Dynamic

43
188/160

Additional current

4
188/161

Electromagnet

181
188/164

Magnetic circuit

135
188/165

Rail-engaging

41
188/162

Rotary motor

253
188/163

Solenoid

63
188/155

Fluid current

5
188/151R

Fluid pressure

35
188/154

Exhaust of propelling motor

7
188/153R

Rail vehicle

67
188/153D

Diaphragm

19
188/153A

Rim grip type

7
188/152

Road vehicle

45
188/344

Velocipede

166
188/361

Wheel brake operating assembly

14
188/366

Arcuate or annular motor

53
188/367

Axially acting

21
188/368

Axially acting motor

8
188/365

Radially acting motor

10
188/369

With axially movable brake member

15
188/370

Spot type

114
188/362

With transversely movable internal brake

8
188/363

Motor between shoe ends

13
188/364

Dual opposed piston motor

35
188/352

With bleeding or filling device

145
188/346

With friction drag response

18
188/349

With front rear brake apportioner

228
188/351

With hydraulic automatic slack adjuster

17
188/353

With hydraulic lock

82
188/347

With hydraulic quick-slack-take-up pulsator

20
188/354

With independent wheel control

20
188/345

With multiple master cylinders

94
188/355

With nonmanual fluid-power source

9
188/360

And manual

8
188/358

Liquid power

109
188/359

And manual

34
188/356

Vacuum power

90
188/357

And manual

20
188/348

With power quick-slack-take-up

10
188/350

With steering gear control

7
188/151A

Safety devices

89
188/105

Multiple

9
188/106R

Vehicle

28
188/106F

Fluid and mechanical

161
188/106A

Inside wheel

83
188/106P

Plural systems

137
188/107

Railway

58
188/109

Seat

24
 

Speed-responsive

 
188/180

Regulators

53
188/187

Axially moving

39
188/182

Fluid and electric control

4
188/188

Strand-engaging

45
188/186

Transversely contracting

12
188/184

Transversely expanding

53
188/185

Radial

64
188/181R

Vehicle

118
188/181A

Acceleration responsive

189
188/181C

Comparative

111
188/181T

Torque-responsive

96
188/189

Stops

47
188/166

Spring

118
188/171

Electric release

229
188/173

Vehicle

28
188/170

Fluid-pressure release

400
188/167

Vehicle

34
188/168

Draft release

1
188/169

Wagon

0
188/108

Vehicle step

0
188/174

Weight

8
188/175

Draft control

3
188/179

Float

1
188/176

Vehicle body

5
188/177

Inclined

6
188/178

Longitudinally movable

2
188/DIG.1

Panic braking

128
188/371

Plastic deformation or breakage of retarder element (e.g., impact absorber)

314
188/372

And subsequent reverse deformation

45
188/377

Crushable element

269
188/374

Element extruded through or around tool

96
188/375

Element severed by cutting tool

24
188/373

Element twisted

8
188/376

Frangible element

114
 

Position adjusters

 
188/217

Brake-thrust distributors

25
188/204R

Equalizers

14
188/204A

For strap brakes

2
188/195

Load

152
188/216

Release mechanism

97
188/196R

Slack

75
188/196C

Combined

14
188/196A

Fluid

35
188/196D

Frictional rotation

158
188/196P

Friction

121
188/196M

Manual

81
188/197

Railway car

19
188/198

Automatic

37
188/199

Friction clutch

15
188/200

Ratchet bar

8
188/202

Screw

44
188/203

Fluid-operated

31
188/201

Shims

3
188/196B

Ratchet

71
188/196BA

Rotatable

232
188/196V

Screw, shim or cam

93
188/196F

Torsional spring

39
188/205R

Supports

49
188/205A

Antirattler

53
188/206R

Brake element

61
188/206A

Anchor

37
188/207

Beam

14
188/209

Brackets

9
188/211

Locks

2
188/212

Parallel motion

7
188/213

Multiple-point support

2
188/208

Road vehicle

1
188/210

Safety

11
188/214

Wear compensation

4
188/215

Brake shoes

5
188/190

Vehicle body movement

5
188/191

Radius rod

1
188/192

Turning

3
188/194

Pivoted wheel

1
188/193

Railway

0
188/DIG.3

Progressive braking

0
188/67

Rod

382
188/65.1

Strand

146
188/65.3

Plural brakes

26
188/65.4

Tortuous grip

67
188/65.5

Adjustable

35
188/65.2

With attaching means

62
188/1.12

To retard rolling of caster

187
188/2R

Vehicle

64
188/2D

Bowdin wire-operated

325
188/2A

Braking torque regulators

7
188/19

Cart

130
188/20

Children's carriages

80
188/28

Clasp

13
188/5

Ground-engaging

228
188/7

Anchors

16
188/8

Sled

30
188/6

Sprag

26
188/17

Hub or disk

62
188/18R

Motor vehicle

48
188/18A

Disc brakes

365
188/16

Independent wheel

26
188/32

On ground

226
188/30

One-way

19
188/31

Positive lock

186
188/33

Railway

70
188/56

Clasp

9
188/47

Connected trucks

11
188/58

Disk on axle

23
188/59

Side shoes

50
188/46

Equalizing series

0
188/49

Four wheel opposing

1
188/51

Divided beam

0
188/50

Open center

1
188/52

Four wheel spreading

66
188/53

Divided beam

7
188/54

Locomotive type

1
188/55

Mine car type

1
188/48

Maximum traction type

1
188/62

On track

52
188/63

Catchers

8
188/61

One-way

3
188/60

Positive lock

14
188/41

Rail

30
188/42

Carrier type

14
188/43

Grippers

49
188/44

Automatic

23
188/45

Wheel clamps

0
188/57

Top shoes

5
188/38

Track

16
188/38.5

Plural abutments selectively engageable by vehicle-carried means, e.g., car spotter

5
188/39

Rotary shoe

0
188/40

Slot

4
188/34

Train

21
188/35

Wheel and rail

5
188/36

Chock

39
188/37

Roller shoe

2
188/29

Top shoes

114
188/3R

Train

78
188/3H

Fluid pressure vehicle

45
188/21

Truck

24
188/22

Two-wheel

26
188/23

Ground-engaging

5
188/24.11

Velocipede (e.g., bicycle, etc.)

136
188/26

Hub or disk

168
188/24.12

Including mechanism for opposed gripping of wheel rim or tire

161
188/24.17

Actuation controlled by back-pedalling

24
188/24.21

Having center-pull, cable-type actuator for mechanism

102
188/24.19

Having means to adjust spacing between brake component and wheel rim or tire

108
188/24.14

Having means to increase braking force (e.g., self-energizing brake, etc.)

33
188/24.16

Plural brakes having common actuator

40
188/24.15

Variable leverage actuator

25
188/24.22

Specific actuator element structure

205
188/24.13

Wheel rim configured to cooperate with components

13
188/24.18

With means to lock brake in actuated position

23
188/27

Pivoted wheel

1
188/25

Roller

11
188/9

Wagon

2
188/11

Divided beam

3
188/10

Four-wheel

3
188/14

Hayrack type

0
188/15

Retreating shoe

2
188/12

Running gear support

1
188/13

Divided beam

0
188/4R

Wheel and ground

77
188/4B

Rotary brake member

41
188/2F

Wheelchair brakes

133
188/64

Wheel and strand

8
 

Wheel

 
188/70R

Axially and transversely movable

58
188/70B

Self-energizing

27
188/71.1

Axially movable brake element or housing therefor

212
188/71.3

Antipodal, relatively separable brake elements

24
188/71.4

Annular elements

77
188/71.5

Plural rotating elements (e.g., "multidisc")

345
188/73.31

Retainer for brake element

176
188/73.35

Having actuator and means to prevent vibration thereof

83
188/73.36

Including means to prevent vibration of brake element

95
188/73.47

Having closed loop type housing

59
188/73.32

Having means to facilitate changing brake element

116
188/73.33

By manipulation of brake actuator

18
188/73.34

Pivotable actuator

62
188/73.37

Having means to prevent vibration of brake element

158
188/73.38

Spring

237
188/73.46

Including actuator fixed on torque member

32
188/73.41

Including actuator pivotable in plane parallel to axis of rotation of wheel

11
188/73.42

And slidable in that plane

17
188/73.43

Including actuator slidable in plane parallel to axis of rotation of wheel

67
188/73.44

On axially extending pin

107
188/73.45

Plural pins

259
188/73.39

Including torque member supporting brake element

160
188/73.1

Structure of brake element

264
188/73.2

Circumferential or circumferentially spaced

108
188/71.2

With clutch between load and brake assemblage

44
188/72.1

With means for actuating brake element

213
188/72.3

And means for retracting brake element

234
188/72.4

By fluid pressure piston

298
188/72.6

And/or mechanical linkage

157
188/72.5

Piston for each of plural elements

99
188/72.7

By inclined surface (e.g., wedge, cam or screw)

337
188/72.8

Screw or helical cam

229
188/72.9

By pivoted lever

257
188/72.2

Self-force-increasing means

120
188/71.6

With means for cooling brake

250
188/71.7

With means to adjust for wear of brake

102
188/71.8

Self-adjusting means

229
188/71.9

Including unidirectionally rotating screw

261
188/83

Continuous

151
188/84

Fixed brake

16
188/68

Frictional and positive

39
188/85

Intermittent

24
188/82.1

One-way brakes

64
188/82.9

Axially moving

27
188/82.6

Biased flexible band

29
188/82.5

Combined or plural diverse types

6
188/82.8

Dragged wedging member

54
188/82.84

Rolling

126
188/82.7

Pivoting or flexing detent (e.g., pawl)

60
188/82.74

Axially moving

11
188/82.77

On rotating member

38
188/82.2

Reversible

40
188/82.3

With disabler

68
188/82.34

Integral with engager

15
188/82.4

With hold out

25
188/69

Positive lock

133
188/80

Rotary shoes

21
188/74

Transversely movable

126
188/78

Expanding

70
188/341

Anchor

70
188/336

Continuous split band

18
188/337

Anchored intermediate ends

3
188/338

Rotary cam operatively abutting band ends

2
188/339

Rotary cam operatively abutting band ends

3
188/340

Lateral guide for shoe

43
188/79

Multiple sets

4
188/335

Radially guided shoe

14
188/342

Self-energizing

11
188/323

Three shoes

7
188/324

Rotary cam operatively abutting shoe ends

2
188/325

Two shoes

100
188/331

Adjacent ends operatively connected and not anchored to support

51
188/333

One end anchored

6
188/332

Rotary cam abutting shoe ends

15
188/327

Anchors adjacent unoperated ends

15
188/328

Common anchor pivot or abutment

69
188/329

Rotary cam abutting shoe ends

42
188/330

Rotary cam abutting shoe ends

39
188/334

Anchors at alternate ends

11
188/326

Operators at both ends of each shoe

28
188/343

Wedge operator

56
188/79.51

Having wear take up or compensating structure

70
188/79.55

Actuated by brake operating lever

116
188/79.54

Actuated in conjunction with other braking element

76
188/79.53

Feeler actuated

4
188/79.56

Having separate adjustment actuator mechanism

44
188/79.62

Located on or in an operator

52
188/79.57

Manually operated

8
188/79.58

Brake operator length adjusted

5
188/79.59

Mounted between shoe and a support member

2
188/79.61

Causes direct, simultaneous adjustment of plural shoes

11
188/79.63

Mounted between shoe and a support member

22
188/79.64

Between plural supporting shoes

23
188/79.52

Temperature responsive

41
188/75

Opposing

55
188/76

Rim grip

30
188/77R

Strap

158
188/77W

Wrap band type

124
188/1.11R

With condition indicator

265
188/1.11E

Electrical

233
188/1.11W

Wear

194
188/1.11L

Electrical

216
 
 
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