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Class Information
Number: 188
Name: Brakes >
Description: This class includes means for retarding the motion of or stopping machines, including vehicles, both rail and road, and shafts, wheels, pulleys, or other moving mechanisms, by friction, by positive engagement of elements, or by the internal resistance of a fluid or a field of force. Citations from other classes indicating the limits of this class will be found under the various subclass definitions.


Class Number Class Name No. of Patents
 

Elements

 
188/219.1

Beams or beam assemblies

36
188/233.7

H, i, l, t, u, v, or x cross section beam

4
188/225.6

Trussed beam

6
188/228.6

H, i, l, t, u, v, or x cross section compression member

6
188/226.1

Integral tension and compression member

8
188/228.1

Tubular compression member

3
188/229.1

With strut-type fulcrum

1
188/229.6

Reversible

1
188/222.1

With fixed head or thrust block

1
188/222.6

Integral head and beam

3
188/223.1

Trussed beam

5
188/223.6

Head or block held by tension element

0
188/224.1

Tension adjusted by terminal nut

0
188/231

With fulcrum

3
188/232

Reversible

3
188/233

Spaced

0
188/233.3

With guides and/or guards

12
188/219.6

With movable, reversible or adjustable heads

4
188/220.1

Pivoted head

7
188/220.6

Lockingly adjustable

3
188/221.1

Yieldably readjustable

2
188/218R

Brake wheels

103
188/218XL

Disk type

505
188/218A

Dust guard

122
188/264R

Cooling and lubricating

70
188/264A

Air-cooled, axially engaging

112
188/264AA

Auto wheel type

124
188/264CC

Contained coolant

27
188/264W

External wheel covers

6
188/264G

Insulators

94
188/264D

Liquid cool

77
188/264B

Lubrication

52
188/264F

Operating fluid cooling

43
188/264E

Wet friction surface and internal resistance

82
188/264P

With pump

43
188/265

Locks

187
188/234

Shoe fasteners

41
188/237

Combined wheel guards

1
188/249

Flexible shoes

23
188/236

Heads

4
188/242

Interlocking heads and shoes

12
188/246

Clamps

3
188/244

Longitudinal insertion

14
188/243

Longitudinal key

10
188/245

Side insertion

8
188/235

Locomotive type

2
188/238

Multiple shoes

4
188/240

Linear arrangement

2
188/241

Frangible connection

2
188/239

Superposed

2
188/247

Shoe-back lugs

7
188/248

Cast in

1
188/250R

Shoes

40
188/250F

Anchor and operator fittings

31
188/260

Chills

1
188/251R

Composite

71
188/255

Cast metal matrix

9
188/258

Backs

16
188/257

Faces

3
188/256

Nonmetallic inserts

7
188/252

Flanged

6
188/253

Recessed

4
188/259

Flexible

52
188/251A

Materials

254
188/251M

Metallic surfaces

100
188/254

Shells

1
188/250C

Multiple web

21
188/250H

One-piece

18
188/261

Recessed

8
188/262

Rotary

6
188/250B

Shoe construction

215
188/250E

Slotted shoes and vibration dampers

96
188/250G

Surfaces and fasteners

187
188/250A

Transversely expandable

18
188/250D

Web and flange connections

27
188/381

Frictional vibration damper

115
188/DIG.2

Hill holder

42
188/378

Inertia of damping mass dissipates motion (e.g., vibration damper)

378
188/379

Resiliently supported damping mass

220
188/380

Supported by mechanical spring

156
188/266

Internal-resistance motion retarder

48
188/272

Combined with mechanism retarded by brake

27
188/273

Restricting exhaust from engine

59
188/271

Combined with surface-friction brake

68
188/299.1

Controlled by an operator (e.g., vehicle driver) remote from retarder

52
188/322.19

Cylinder structure

176
188/322.2

Having connection for side-mounted valve type

49
188/322.21

Having means for filling or recharging

81
188/267.1

Electroviscous or electrorheological fluid

136
188/297

Having a thrust member with a variable volume chamber (e.g., coaxial or telescoping tubes, compensating reservoir)

63
188/306

Arcuately oscillating thrust member

57
188/308

Causing fluid flow through hub of thrust

7
188/309

With manually adjusted valve in hub

3
188/307

Resilient or radially urged vane

35
188/310

With means for manually adjusting fluid flow

27
188/301

Causing air suction in chamber

7
188/316

Fluid through or around piston within chamber

75
188/317

Via fixed or variable orifice in piston

183
188/318

And passage venting fluid external to chamber

173
188/319.1

Having an orifice adjustment for both jounce or bound (compression) and rebound

64
188/319.2

Orifice size varied using a hand or hand tool

55
188/320

Tortuous path orifice

45
188/298

Forming flexible wall enclosure for fluid

123
188/312

Having piston rod extending through ends of chamber

83
188/302

Rectilinear reciprocation of piston caused by arcuately oscillating frame, shaft, arm, axle, etc.

9
188/304

Dual pistons

13
188/305

Piston reciprocating along axis of oscillation

9
188/303

Pistons reciprocating oppositely in nonaligned cylinders

17
188/313

With valve controlling fluid flow between chambers or compartments of the chamber

103
188/314

With reservoir for fluid

183
188/315

Annular reservoir

246
188/321.11

Including means connecting thrust member to load

131
188/322.12

Including protective shield for retarder

74
188/322.16

Including seal or guide

68
188/322.18

Between piston and cylinder

61
188/322.17

Between piston rod and cylinder

215
188/267.2

Magnetic fluid or material (e.g., powder)

135
188/266.1

Motion damped from condition (e.g., bump, speed change) detected outside of retarder

60
188/266.2

Condition actuates valve or regulator

103
188/266.5

Of the pulsating or reciprocating type

96
188/266.6

Side mounted

84
188/266.3

Of the rotary type

30
188/266.4

Having plural openings

70
188/270

Operating against ambient atmosphere

13
188/266.7

Piezoelectric

32
188/283

Piston having a restrictable opening (e.g., apertured plate) in a fixed volume chamber

17
188/283.1

Vortex flow passages

8
188/284

Position of thrust member relative to chamber

97
188/285

Having a fluid flow passage adjusted manually (e.g., threaded plug, threaded rod, gearing)

112
188/286

Having aperture in chamber wall

37
188/287

Plural, successively encountered apertures

84
188/288

Having varying area of chamber passageway for thrust member

40
188/289

Having varying area of metering rod extending through orifice in thrust member

47
188/280

Relative speed of thrust member or fluid flow

124
188/281

Resistance alters relative to direction of thrust member (e.g., high resistance in one direction, low in the other)

55
188/282.1

Via valved orifice in thrust member

90
188/282.7

Ball-type valve

22
188/282.5

Flexible flap-type valve (e.g., compression washers)

100
188/282.6

Having flow passage, cutout, aperture, slot, etc.

70
188/282.8

Spring-loaded valve

77
188/282.9

Adjusting the tension via (a) compressing or expanding or (b) different strength springs

28
188/282.2

Valve actuated by electrical system

58
188/282.4

System having distinct selections (e.g., hard, medium, soft)

67
188/282.3

System initiated by a pressure change or feedback

45
188/322.22

Thrust member or piston structure

194
188/290

Using a rotary-type fluid damper

227
188/296

Driving radial vanes which cause toroidal flow of brake fluid

111
188/293

Driving relatively moving element which causes flow of brake fluid

35
188/295

Comprising rectilinearly reciprocating piston

16
188/294

With means for regulating movement of element

36
188/292

Gear pump

15
188/291

Including clutch

34
188/269

Using diverse fluids

118
188/267

Using magnetic flux

260
188/322.5

Using viscosity of fluid medium

107
188/268

Using yieldable or fluent solid or semisolid

218
188/322.13

Valve structure or location

147
188/322.14

Foot valve

131
188/322.15

Piston valve detail (e.g., seat design, structural arrangement, metering element)

364
188/266.8

With failure or malfunction detection

40
188/275

With fluid regulated in response to inertia of valve member

50
188/274

With heat exchanger

39
188/276

With means compensating for change in temperature or viscosity

59
188/277

Thermostatic valve type

33
188/278

Manually adjustable

8
188/300

With means for locking parts together temporarily

200
188/382

Miscellaneous

55
 

Operators

 
188/110

Automatic

21
188/134

Differential movement

118
188/135

Momentum

9
188/137

Electric control

7
188/138

Vehicle

17
188/139

Gravity control

17
188/140R

Vehicle

3
188/142

Draft control

4
188/141

Fluid-pressure control

7
188/144

Railway

1
188/147

Train

0
188/149

Drawbar

0
188/150

Speed-responsive

2
188/148

Push rod

2
188/145

Winding

0
188/146

Axle

0
188/140A

Servo brake

5
188/143

Wheel and ground

0
188/136

Wedging shoe

29
 

Vehicle

 
 

Auxiliary mechanism on tongue

 
188/117

Front wheel

1
188/118

Divided beam

0
188/115

Rear wheel

0
188/116

Divided beam

1
188/113

Four-wheel

2
188/132

Horse pull

3
188/114

Hub

4
 

Movable tongue

 
188/122

Front wheel

0
188/123

Divided beam

0
188/120

Rear wheel

0
188/121

Divided beam

0
188/119

Rising and falling

8
 

Railway

 
188/127

Strain release

0
188/124

Train

1
188/125

Drawbar

0
188/126

Speed-responsive

0
188/129

Rise and fall

68
188/130

Rotary

33
188/128

Sled

2
188/112R

Train

120
188/112A

Anti-sway control

36
188/111

Trips

21
188/131

Turning

0
188/156

Electric and mechanical

243
188/157

Electric motor on staff

21
188/158

Electric

189
188/159

Dynamic

40
188/160

Additional current

3
188/161

Electromagnet

153
188/164

Magnetic circuit

123
188/165

Rail-engaging

34
188/162

Rotary motor

214
188/163

Solenoid

55
188/155

Fluid current

4
188/151R

Fluid pressure

30
188/154

Exhaust of propelling motor

7
188/153R

Rail vehicle

64
188/153D

Diaphragm

12
188/153A

Rim grip type

6
188/152

Road vehicle

33
188/344

Velocipede

141
188/361

Wheel brake operating assembly

11
188/366

Arcuate or annular motor

52
188/367

Axially acting

19
188/368

Axially acting motor

7
188/365

Radially acting motor

8
188/369

With axially movable brake member

15
188/370

Spot type

101
188/362

With transversely movable internal brake

8
188/363

Motor between shoe ends

13
188/364

Dual opposed piston motor

34
188/352

With bleeding or filling device

135
188/346

With friction drag response

18
188/349

With front rear brake apportioner

226
188/351

With hydraulic automatic slack adjuster

17
188/353

With hydraulic lock

80
188/347

With hydraulic quick-slack-take-up pulsator

20
188/354

With independent wheel control

18
188/345

With multiple master cylinders

81
188/355

With nonmanual fluid-power source

8
188/360

And manual

8
188/358

Liquid power

97
188/359

And manual

26
188/356

Vacuum power

88
188/357

And manual

19
188/348

With power quick-slack-take-up

10
188/350

With steering gear control

5
188/151A

Safety devices

88
188/105

Multiple

7
188/106R

Vehicle

24
188/106F

Fluid and mechanical

155
188/106A

Inside wheel

76
188/106P

Plural systems

119
188/107

Railway

49
188/109

Seat

24
 

Speed-responsive

 
188/180

Regulators

46
188/187

Axially moving

38
188/182

Fluid and electric control

4
188/188

Strand-engaging

44
188/186

Transversely contracting

12
188/184

Transversely expanding

49
188/185

Radial

59
188/181R

Vehicle

112
188/181A

Acceleration responsive

185
188/181C

Comparative

110
188/181T

Torque-responsive

92
188/189

Stops

45
188/166

Spring

110
188/171

Electric release

201
188/173

Vehicle

25
188/170

Fluid-pressure release

366
188/167

Vehicle

33
188/168

Draft release

1
188/169

Wagon

0
188/108

Vehicle step

0
188/174

Weight

8
188/175

Draft control

2
188/179

Float

1
188/176

Vehicle body

5
188/177

Inclined

6
188/178

Longitudinally movable

2
188/DIG.1

Panic braking

128
188/371

Plastic deformation or breakage of retarder element (e.g., impact absorber)

279
188/372

And subsequent reverse deformation

37
188/377

Crushable element

230
188/374

Element extruded through or around tool

88
188/375

Element severed by cutting tool

24
188/373

Element twisted

8
188/376

Frangible element

105
 

Position adjusters

 
188/217

Brake-thrust distributors

25
188/204R

Equalizers

10
188/204A

For strap brakes

2
188/195

Load

151
188/216

Release mechanism

93
188/196R

Slack

69
188/196C

Combined

13
188/196A

Fluid

33
188/196D

Frictional rotation

155
188/196P

Friction

116
188/196M

Manual

76
188/197

Railway car

17
188/198

Automatic

36
188/199

Friction clutch

15
188/200

Ratchet bar

8
188/202

Screw

42
188/203

Fluid-operated

30
188/201

Shims

3
188/196B

Ratchet

64
188/196BA

Rotatable

222
188/196V

Screw, shim or cam

84
188/196F

Torsional spring

36
188/205R

Supports

45
188/205A

Antirattler

49
188/206R

Brake element

52
188/206A

Anchor

34
188/207

Beam

13
188/209

Brackets

9
188/211

Locks

2
188/212

Parallel motion

7
188/213

Multiple-point support

2
188/208

Road vehicle

1
188/210

Safety

10
188/214

Wear compensation

4
188/215

Brake shoes

4
188/190

Vehicle body movement

5
188/191

Radius rod

1
188/192

Turning

3
188/194

Pivoted wheel

1
188/193

Railway

0
188/DIG.3

Progressive braking

0
188/67

Rod

364
188/65.1

Strand

142
188/65.3

Plural brakes

24
188/65.4

Tortuous grip

62
188/65.5

Adjustable

33
188/65.2

With attaching means

58
188/1.12

To retard rolling of caster

161
188/2R

Vehicle

62
188/2D

Bowdin wire-operated

272
188/2A

Braking torque regulators

6
188/19

Cart

114
188/20

Children's carriages

67
188/28

Clasp

12
188/5

Ground-engaging

213
188/7

Anchors

14
188/8

Sled

30
188/6

Sprag

26
188/17

Hub or disk

51
188/18R

Motor vehicle

45
188/18A

Disc brakes

321
188/16

Independent wheel

24
188/32

On ground

217
188/30

One-way

18
188/31

Positive lock

161
188/33

Railway

60
188/56

Clasp

9
188/47

Connected trucks

10
188/58

Disk on axle

22
188/59

Side shoes

48
188/46

Equalizing series

0
188/49

Four wheel opposing

1
188/51

Divided beam

0
188/50

Open center

1
188/52

Four wheel spreading

63
188/53

Divided beam

7
188/54

Locomotive type

0
188/55

Mine car type

1
188/48

Maximum traction type

1
188/62

On track

50
188/63

Catchers

8
188/61

One-way

3
188/60

Positive lock

11
188/41

Rail

26
188/42

Carrier type

14
188/43

Grippers

43
188/44

Automatic

20
188/45

Wheel clamps

0
188/57

Top shoes

5
188/38

Track

16
188/38.5

Plural abutments selectively engageable by vehicle-carried means, e.g., car spotter

5
188/39

Rotary shoe

0
188/40

Slot

4
188/34

Train

20
188/35

Wheel and rail

5
188/36

Chock

31
188/37

Roller shoe

2
188/29

Top shoes

105
188/3R

Train

72
188/3H

Fluid pressure vehicle

35
188/21

Truck

23
188/22

Two-wheel

26
188/23

Ground-engaging

4
188/24.11

Velocipede (e.g., bicycle, etc.)

123
188/26

Hub or disk

146
188/24.12

Including mechanism for opposed gripping of wheel rim or tire

138
188/24.17

Actuation controlled by back-pedalling

24
188/24.21

Having center-pull, cable-type actuator for mechanism

97
188/24.19

Having means to adjust spacing between brake component and wheel rim or tire

100
188/24.14

Having means to increase braking force (e.g., self-energizing brake, etc.)

31
188/24.16

Plural brakes having common actuator

36
188/24.15

Variable leverage actuator

23
188/24.22

Specific actuator element structure

170
188/24.13

Wheel rim configured to cooperate with components

10
188/24.18

With means to lock brake in actuated position

21
188/27

Pivoted wheel

1
188/25

Roller

9
188/9

Wagon

1
188/11

Divided beam

3
188/10

Four-wheel

3
188/14

Hayrack type

0
188/15

Retreating shoe

1
188/12

Running gear support

1
188/13

Divided beam

0
188/4R

Wheel and ground

72
188/4B

Rotary brake member

35
188/2F

Wheelchair brakes

128
188/64

Wheel and strand

8
 

Wheel

 
188/70R

Axially and transversely movable

54
188/70B

Self-energizing

14
188/71.1

Axially movable brake element or housing therefor

192
188/71.3

Antipodal, relatively separable brake elements

23
188/71.4

Annular elements

75
188/71.5

Plural rotating elements (e.g., "multidisc")

310
188/73.31

Retainer for brake element

159
188/73.35

Having actuator and means to prevent vibration thereof

77
188/73.36

Including means to prevent vibration of brake element

83
188/73.47

Having closed loop type housing

53
188/73.32

Having means to facilitate changing brake element

112
188/73.33

By manipulation of brake actuator

18
188/73.34

Pivotable actuator

59
188/73.37

Having means to prevent vibration of brake element

135
188/73.38

Spring

213
188/73.46

Including actuator fixed on torque member

28
188/73.41

Including actuator pivotable in plane parallel to axis of rotation of wheel

9
188/73.42

And slidable in that plane

17
188/73.43

Including actuator slidable in plane parallel to axis of rotation of wheel

63
188/73.44

On axially extending pin

103
188/73.45

Plural pins

249
188/73.39

Including torque member supporting brake element

144
188/73.1

Structure of brake element

235
188/73.2

Circumferential or circumferentially spaced

103
188/71.2

With clutch between load and brake assemblage

41
188/72.1

With means for actuating brake element

182
188/72.3

And means for retracting brake element

212
188/72.4

By fluid pressure piston

269
188/72.6

And/or mechanical linkage

147
188/72.5

Piston for each of plural elements

88
188/72.7

By inclined surface (e.g., wedge, cam or screw)

285
188/72.8

Screw or helical cam

181
188/72.9

By pivoted lever

231
188/72.2

Self-force-increasing means

97
188/71.6

With means for cooling brake

233
188/71.7

With means to adjust for wear of brake

88
188/71.8

Self-adjusting means

208
188/71.9

Including unidirectionally rotating screw

240
188/83

Continuous

144
188/84

Fixed brake

15
188/68

Frictional and positive

33
188/85

Intermittent

22
188/82.1

One-way brakes

57
188/82.9

Axially moving

26
188/82.6

Biased flexible band

29
188/82.5

Combined or plural diverse types

6
188/82.8

Dragged wedging member

51
188/82.84

Rolling

122
188/82.7

Pivoting or flexing detent (e.g., pawl)

59
188/82.74

Axially moving

9
188/82.77

On rotating member

36
188/82.2

Reversible

39
188/82.3

With disabler

65
188/82.34

Integral with engager

15
188/82.4

With hold out

24
188/69

Positive lock

120
188/80

Rotary shoes

21
188/74

Transversely movable

119
188/78

Expanding

67
188/341

Anchor

67
188/336

Continuous split band

17
188/337

Anchored intermediate ends

3
188/338

Rotary cam operatively abutting band ends

2
188/339

Rotary cam operatively abutting band ends

3
188/340

Lateral guide for shoe

41
188/79

Multiple sets

4
188/335

Radially guided shoe

14
188/342

Self-energizing

11
188/323

Three shoes

5
188/324

Rotary cam operatively abutting shoe ends

2
188/325

Two shoes

93
188/331

Adjacent ends operatively connected and not anchored to support

49
188/333

One end anchored

6
188/332

Rotary cam abutting shoe ends

15
188/327

Anchors adjacent unoperated ends

15
188/328

Common anchor pivot or abutment

65
188/329

Rotary cam abutting shoe ends

39
188/330

Rotary cam abutting shoe ends

37
188/334

Anchors at alternate ends

10
188/326

Operators at both ends of each shoe

28
188/343

Wedge operator

54
188/79.51

Having wear take up or compensating structure

62
188/79.55

Actuated by brake operating lever

107
188/79.54

Actuated in conjunction with other braking element

75
188/79.53

Feeler actuated

4
188/79.56

Having separate adjustment actuator mechanism

42
188/79.62

Located on or in an operator

52
188/79.57

Manually operated

6
188/79.58

Brake operator length adjusted

4
188/79.59

Mounted between shoe and a support member

2
188/79.61

Causes direct, simultaneous adjustment of plural shoes

10
188/79.63

Mounted between shoe and a support member

21
188/79.64

Between plural supporting shoes

22
188/79.52

Temperature responsive

37
188/75

Opposing

54
188/76

Rim grip

29
188/77R

Strap

154
188/77W

Wrap band type

115
188/1.11R

With condition indicator

251
188/1.11E

Electrical

201
188/1.11W

Wear

184
188/1.11L

Electrical

197
 
 
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